Practice Exam for Test 2 Chapter 12

Which of the following is NOT a property or function of blood plasma?

What is the term that describes the production of red blood cells?

Which is TRUE about the condition anemia?

A female has a blood test. One mL of her blood is drawn, spun in a centrifuge, and the plasma volume is measured and found to be 0.6 mL. Two months later the same patient returns to the doctor and, after doing another blood test, the doctor tells the patient that she has become anemic compared to her previous visit. Which of the following is most likely to be the woman's hematocrit on the second visit?

A male patient complains of physical weakness and fatigue. A blood test shows his hematocrit to be 30%. Which of the following diagnoses is the least likely to explain his symptoms?

Where is most of the iron in a person's body located?

You have a patient who produces sufficient intrinsic factor but has pernicious anemia due to a dietary deficiency. Which of the following supplements should they take to improve symptoms?

Consider the equation F = ΔP/R. It describes the flow (F) of fluid in a tube in which there is a pressure difference (ΔP) between the two ends and resistance (R) to flow. Based on this equation, which is a correct conclusion?

Which of the following changes would most increase the resistance to blood flow in a blood vessel?

Action potentials in the heart spread from cell to cell through

A patient had heart surgery to repair the pacemaker of the heart. Into which structure did the surgeon need access?

Which is correct about the contraction sequence of the heart?

Which of the following statements concerning the differences between action potentials in skeletal muscle cells and in ventricular cardiac muscle cells is TRUE?

You are a synthetic chemist and have created a compound that appears to bind to acetylcholine receptors. When applied to the inside of the right atrium, what will the affect be?→

The plateau of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells results from the opening of voltage-gated long-lasting_________ channels in the plasma membrane of the cell.

Which of the following statements about membrane potentials in different types of cardiac cells is TRUE?

You are learning to read electrocardiograms. You know that the patient you are examining has a pathology affecting depolarization of the ventricles, therefore you’re looking for a change in what portion of the ECG

Which of the following would be most likely to be determined with a patient's ECG recording?

Which is TRUE about the comparison of excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle with that in skeletal muscle?

You and your lab partner are doing an experiment in physiology lab. Each of you has an isolated muscle cell and you are supposed to stimulate it with an electrode as soon as its absolute refractory period ends. You’re watching an electromyograph tracing to know when to use the electrode. Your partner has a cardiac muscle cell and you have a skeletal muscle cell. Which one of you will use your electrode more times in one minute?

Which of the following statements about the refractory period of neuronal or muscle membranes is TRUE?

Which of the following statements about the cardiac cycle is TRUE?

You and your colleague are medical technicians in a cardiac function lab. You are reading the ECG of a patient and your friend is trying to capture an image of the semilunar valves opening using an ultrasound. At what point should you tell your friend to start recording images?

During the cardiac cycle of an individual at rest

In a patient with an abnormally leaky aortic valve, what would you expect?

Which occurs during isovolumetric ventricular contraction?

What causes the opening and closing of the heart valves?

You’ve just been told by your doctor that you have a heart murmur between the first and second heart sounds. You go home to search for more information on this condition on the Internet and find that you have

Which best defines cardiac output?

Sinoatrial node cells

Which is TRUE regarding the regulation of heart rate?

What is described by the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart?

According to the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart

During the course of a ride on a roller coaster, what would be FALSE regarding your heart?

You are dissecting a species of amphibian that has just been discovered in the rainforest. You find a blood vessel where the blood travels at a low pressure and velocity. If the frog is in an upright position, blood flow through this vessel would also be against gravity. Anatomically, what do you expect of this blood vessel?

Which of the following statements concerning regulation of blood flow is TRUE?

You’ve been sitting cross-legged on the floor of your dorm room while studying. As you stand up to go get a snack, you realize that you’ve lost feeling in one of your feet. A minute later, all feeling is restored. Being a physiology student, you understand that blood flow was occluded during the time that you were sitting, and that blood flow was restored as you stood up. What else is TRUE?

In the systemic circuit, which of these best describes active hyperemia?

Which of the following statements concerning control of blood flow through arterioles is TRUE?

Blood flow through most organs in the systemic circuit is regulated primarily by increasing or decreasing the_____activity to arteriolar smooth muscles in the organ. Another form of regulation, called _________, depends upon the metabolic activity of the organ. Increased activity leads to increased interstitial fluid metabolites, which cause_____of the arterioles. The former is a type of_____regulation of blood flow; the latter is an example of_____regulation.

If the arterial blood pressure in the brain is suddenly decreased, the flow through arterioles in the brain will immediately fall and then which of these will occur next?

Normally, the hydrostatic pressure difference between capillary fluid and interstitial fluid favors movement of fluid_________ a tissue capillary. The protein osmotic pressure difference between capillary fluid and interstitial fluid normally favors movement of fluid_________ a tissue capillary.

In a patient with decreased production of plasma proteins, which of the following would be TRUE?

Which of the following statements concerning the capillaries is FALSE?

Which of the following correctly compares the factors involved in bulk flow of fluid in systemic and pulmonary capillaries?

A patient comes in to your office with dramatically high blood pressure. Which of the following symptoms might turn up in your exam?

You have a patient who is showing signs of edema (tissue swelling) all over the body. In addition to visible swelling in the hands, feet, and face, you can also see evidence of swelling around internal organs when viewing his CAT scan images. Thinking about what you know about the factors that regulate fluid flow from the blood vessels, which of the following causes of edema is most likely?

Distinguishing characteristics of veins include which of the following?

What determines the movement of blood in systemic veins?

Person A is resting in a chair for a long period of time; the calf and thigh muscles are totally relaxed. Nearby, Person B is also resting in a chair, but is wiggling, kicking, tapping, and vibrating their legs; resulting in a pattern where the calf and thigh muscles are alternating between relaxed and contracted states. If all else is equal, who has the higher stroke volume, Person A or Person B?

A hard-working sales clerk is in a busy department store. They have stood completely still behind the check-out counter for an 8-hour shift. At the end of the shift the clerk feels somewhat dizzy and guesses that their blood pressure is quite low. All of the following factors normally contribute to homeostatic blood pressure regulation. Which one is most likely contributing to the clerk's symptoms?

A hard-working sales clerk is in a busy department store. They have stood completely still behind the check-out counter for an 8-hour shift. At the end of the shift the clerk feels somewhat dizzy and guesses that their blood pressure is quite low. When they get home they also notice that their ankles are swollen. What physiological issue is most likely to blame in this scenario?

Which of the following is a result of increased sympathetic stimulation of vascular smooth muscle?

An individual has had too many alcoholic drinks. Alcohol is a systemic vasodilator and it increases urine volume, thereby decreasing blood volume. In order to maintain cardiac output, what can their body do?

Which of the following factors would NOT tend to increase systemic arterial blood pressure?

After a long fever, a person is sweating profusely. They end up requiring several changes of clothing before the skin begins to dry off. After this sweating event, what can we expect of their physiological state?

An individual donates a pint of blood to a blood bank. A few minutes later, which of the following would be increased compared to pre-donation values?

An individual donates a pint of blood to a blood bank. A few minutes later, which of the following would be decreased compared to pre-donation values?

An individual donates a pint of blood to a blood bank. A few minutes later, which of the following would be increased compared to pre-donation values?

Following hemorrhage, reflexes are triggered that attempt to compensate for the blood loss. As a result of the blood loss and the reflex mechanisms, which of the following will be TRUE, compared to pre-hemorrhage values?

How would a hemorrhage immediately affect the activity of the baroreceptors?

Which of the following is most likely to occur when a soldier stands at attention—very still, with legs and spine straight?

During exercise, there is a decreased flow of blood to

You just ate a huge, delicious breakfast and now are going to head out for your morning run. As you try picking up the pace, you find running to be quite difficult because

Which of the following does NOT contribute to increased stroke volume during exercise?

Which is the most likely effect of physical endurance training on a person's cardiac performance?

Which of these correctly states differences between a trained athlete and a sedentary individual at rest?

Which of the following does NOT describe hypertension?

Arterial systolic pressure occurs_________ while arterial diastolic pressure occurs_________.

Which of the following drugs might be prescribed to alleviate hypertension?

Which of the drug treatments listed below is INCORRECTLY matched to a mode of action in treating hypertension?

Atherosclerosis is

What is hemostasis?

Which of the following occurs first in hemostasis?

Platelets participate in hemostasis by

Which is an intermediary protein that enables platelets to adhere to collagen?

In a patient with a mutation that causes an inactive von Willebrand factor (vWF), which of the following would be TRUE?

Which of the following statements regarding blood clotting is TRUE?

Which of the following statements about blood clotting is FALSE?

Which of the following statements regarding the dissolving of blood clots is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT an anticoagulant or stimulator of blood clot dissolution?

Which correctly describes functions of protein C?