JAN 2024 P1

During which phase of cell division does the division of the cytoplasm occur?

What term describes body organs in different organisms that perform similar functions but have different structures?

B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells to produce antibodies. Microscopically, plasma cells exhibit more ribosomes, RER, Golgi bodies, and mitochondria compared to B-lymphocytes. What does this suggest about plasma cells?

Consider the provided data on body temperature variation with respect to environmental temperature. Which conclusion can be drawn?

Based on the provided graph showing the activity of enzyme X at different pH levels, in which digestive organ(s) is this enzyme likely found?

Giraffes with long necks were favored by a selection pressure allowing them to reach higher food sources, while giraffes with shorter necks faced a disadvantage. Over time, the long-neck phenotype became more prevalent. What evolutionary mechanism does this illustrate?

A white calf with black spots is born to a black ox and a white cow. What mode of inheritance can explain this observation of coat color?

What term defines a group of individuals of the same species living together in the same area?

What are fatty acids called that lack double bonds in their hydrocarbon chain?

If a primary producer creates 800,000 kJ of energy in a food chain, how much energy is available to a third-level consumer, assuming a 10% energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels?

Based on the cladogram, which organisms exclusively develop hair on their bodies?

According to the cladogram, which of the listed organisms possess vertebrae?

Based on the provided cladogram, which of the following statements is the most accurate regarding common ancestry?

Which hormone is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

What is a characteristic of a homozygous individual?

Based on the graph of enzyme activity at different pH levels, which conclusion can be drawn?

A mouse somatic cell contains 40 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are present in a mouse gamete?

In a typical food chain, what role do herbivores play?

Where does ribosome synthesis primarily occur within a cell?

Two long-stemmed pea plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with both long and short stems. What can be deduced about the stem length characteristic?

Human activities like burning and clearing forests are rapidly increasing. How do these activities affect the carbon cycle?

What type of structures are depicted in the figure, showing the structure of human and frog arms?

The structural similarities between human and frog arms suggest evidence of what evolutionary process?

Based on the graph illustrating the rate of photosynthesis as a function of light intensity, what conclusion can be made?

What type of relationship is depicted in the graph showing population variations between ladybirds and aphids?

What phase of mitosis is represented in the provided image?

In the depicted mitotic phase, if the cell has 6 chromosomes, how many chromosomes were present in the initial cell before division?

A squirrel in a newly opened park initially runs away from people trying to take its picture. After a few weeks, it stops running away. What kind of conditioning does this represent?

Based on the provided graph showing the percentage of egg white digested over time, what can you conclude about the digestion of albumen by these animals?

What is the term for when environmental conditions cause one phenotype to be replaced by another in a population?

In humans, having a free earlobe (F) is dominant over having an attached earlobe (f). What is a possible genotype for a person with a free earlobe?

In humans, having a free earlobe (F) is dominant over having an attached earlobe (f). What is the genotype of a person with attached earlobes?

A man with free earlobes who is heterozygous for the trait marries a woman with attached earlobes. What are the expected percentages of phenotypes in their children?

What type of relationship is Mycorrhiza, where plants and fungi exhibit enhanced survival and growth together?

Yellowthroat birds have five species that vary in size, male head pattern, and song. These species are found in Central and South America, and scientists believe they emerged when the initial population was separated by rainforests and the Andes Mountains. This is:

What process describes the movement of solutes along a concentration gradient without requiring energy?

During which phase of meiosis does tetrad formation occur?

Where does fertilization typically occur in human beings?

A double-stranded-DNA molecule has 50 nucleotides, with 10 Adenine (A). How many Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C) bases are present?

Acetylcholine (Ach) affects muscle contraction and is degraded by acetylcholinesterase. What happens if the body stops producing acetylcholinesterase?