Lewis and Clark, James Madison.

• Thomas Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence.

Jefferson's Home

• Jefferson's Monticello was a grand plantation in Virginia where his family lived comfortably.
• Enslaved people performed the hard labor at Monticello, reflecting the harsh reality of slavery.
• The estate demonstrated both Jefferson's creativity and the difficult reality of slavery.

Jefferson's Economic Policies

• Jefferson believed "the government is best which governs least".
• He cut spending by reducing the military and government jobs.
• Jefferson lowered taxes by ending the whiskey tax and reducing others.
• He focused on reducing the national debt.

Lewis and Clark Expedition Goals

• Goal 1: Find a water route to the Pacific Ocean.
• Goal 2: Establish relationships with Native American tribes.
• Goal 3: Study the plants and animals of the region.

Jefferson and the Barbary Pirates

• Jefferson sent the U.S. military to fight the Barbary pirates.
• This action demonstrated the U.S. would use force to protect its trade and citizens.
• It marked the nation’s first overseas military action.

Battle of Tippecanoe

• William Henry Harrison led American forces at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.
• Harrison later became the 9th President of the United States.

War of 1812

• James Madison declared war on Britain in 1812.
• Reasons for the war included the kidnapping of American sailors and the blocking of trade.

The Star-Spangled Banner

• Francis Scott Key wrote "The Star-Spangled Banner" after seeing the flag fly over Fort McHenry in 1814.

Battle of New Orleans

• General Andrew Jackson led American forces to victory at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815.
• Jackson later became the 7th President of the United States.

Louisiana Purchase

• The U.S. purchased the Louisiana Territory in 1803.

Sacagawea's Role

• Sacagawea helped Lewis and Clark by being a translator.
• She secured horses for crossing the Rocky Mountains.
• She identified edible plants and medicines.
• Sacagawea served as a symbol of peace.

Lewis and Clark's Journals

• Lewis and Clark recorded their findings in their journals, describing prairie dogs, grizzly bears, edible roots, and medicinal plants.

Fort Clatsop

• The expedition spent the winter at Fort Clatsop in present-day Oregon before returning home

Jefferson's Eagerness

• Jefferson wanted to learn more about the new Louisiana Territory.
• He commissioned an expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.

Impact of Sacagawea

• Without Sacagawea, the Lewis and Clark expedition would have struggled more with communicating with Native tribes and finding their way.
• The expedition also would have struggled to get assistance from the tribes.

Long-Term Effects on Native American Communities

• The Lewis and Clark expedition led to increased U.S. settlers on Native land.
• It resulted in the loss of territory for Native American tribes.
• It led to stronger U.S. control over Native tribes.

Success of the Expedition

• The journey was successful because they mapped the land, learned about Native tribes, and helped the U.S. expand.

Lessons From the Expedition

• The Lewis and Clark expedition shows that exploration can lead to discoveries but also negatively impact people and the environment.
• Exploration can cause conflicts and changes to the land.