IV Insertion and Fluid Administration Quiz

Avoid veins in extremities with dialysis shunts, AV fistulas, infections, extensive scarring, burns, surgeries, CVA paralysis, previous infiltrations, extravasations, or phlebitis. Choose sites distal to previous punctures.

Follow strict aseptic technique (alcohol or chlorhexidine), use a tourniquet 6-8 inches above the insertion site, massage the vein as needed, and clench the fist, if needed. Use heat as needed.

Connects the IV catheter to a saline lock; closed end prevents leakage.

Inflammation of loose connective tissue caused by poor IV insertion technique, resulting in a red, swollen area spreading outwardly from the insertion site.

Verifying the correct patient identity and confirming their consent before administering medication.

Continuously observing the patient for signs of adverse reactions during and after medication administration and knowing the emergency protocol.

IV fluids that maintain similar concentrations inside and outside cells, preventing cellular shrinkage or swelling.

IV fluids are used to restore fluid balance, expand blood volume, and manage ongoing health problems affecting fluid and electrolyte levels.

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the body's fluids, causing water to move into cells, potentially causing cell swelling.

A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than the body's fluids, pulling water out of cells into the bloodstream, potentially causing cell shrinkage.

An isotonic solution commonly used in IV fluids.

Factors such as congestive heart failure (CHF) can put patients at risk for fluid overload.

Used to treat dehydration of cells, such as in cases like DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) or HHNS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome).

Generally not given during cases of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) ,Dehydration, or trauma, as they can cause further fluid imbalances.

Commonly used to maintain fluid balance and treat conditions like cerebral edema and hyponatremia in clinical settings.

A condition characterized by excessive fluid buildup in the body's tissues.

Abnormal accumulation of fluids in the body.

Valacyclovir interferes with viral DNA replication by inserting into replicating viral DNA.

A common side effect of valacyclovir, similar to many other antiviral drugs.

A common side effect of valacyclovir, related to drug effects on the digestive system.

A possible side effect of valacyclovir affecting the skin.

Kidney damage as a potential side effect of valacyclovir.

Severe allergic reaction, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and angioedema, from valacyclovir.

Antiviral drugs that include Valacyclovir, used to treat herpesviruses.

Treated with Antiviral medications such as valacyclovir, to halt viral DNA replication and stop spread.

Conditions with high blood sugar levels, such as DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) and HHNS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state), that draw fluid out of cells and into the bloodstream.

To maintain or restore fluid volume and electrolyte balance, provide nutrition, administer medication, transfuse blood products, and facilitate diagnostic testing

Naloxone (Narcan) is a medication that reverses the effects of opioid drugs.

Vitamin K is used to counteract the effects of Warfarin, a blood thinner.

Decreases herpes symptoms but doesn't eliminate the infection or stop its spread.

Avoid sexual activity if sores/signs of herpes are present. Use condoms even without sores.

Take antiviral medicine with plenty of water, with or without food, regularly.

Headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting are potential side effects of herpes treatment.

Watch for side effects and symptom resolution or worsening during antiviral therapy.

Common antiviral medication used to treat herpes.

Avoid veins near dialysis shunts, AV fistulas, infections, scars, burns, surgeries, CVA paralysis, recent infiltrations, or extravasations on the same side of the body.

Select a vein that has not been used recently for IV's or other procedures.

Instruct patients on medicine use, potential side effects, and when to contact a healthcare provider.

Never choose veins in an arm with dialysis shunts, AV fistulas, signs of infection, extensive scarring, burns, surgeries, CVA paralysis, or recent infiltration, extravasation, phlebitis, or sites distal to previous punctures.

Always maintain strict aseptic technique during IV insertion using alcohol or chlorhexidine.

Apply a tourniquet 6-8 inches above the intended IV insertion site, but don't leave it on for more than 2 minutes.

IV fluids that remain within the intravascular compartment (blood vessels). Have the same concentration inside and outside the cell, so cells maintain their normal size.

IV fluids that have a lower solute concentration than the body's fluids. This causes water to move into the cells, potentially causing them to swell.

IV fluids that have a higher solute concentration than the body's fluids. This causes water to be pulled out of the cells and into the bloodstream, potentially causing cells to shrink.

They help maintain fluid balance and prevent cells from shrinking or swelling.

Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and lactated Ringer's solution.

Dehydration of cells, often seen in conditions like DKA and HHNS, which pull fluid out of the cells.

Cerebral edema and hyponatremia by pulling fluid out of the cells and into the bloodstream.

Isotonic fluids prevent cell change, Hypotonic fluids cause cells to swell, Hypertonic fluids cause cells to shrink.

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as it can shift fluid into the brain tissue and cause swelling.

High risk of phlebitis (inflammation of the vein) and the need for close monitoring.

IV fluids are used to expand intravascular volume, correct imbalances of fluids and electrolytes, compensate for ongoing health problems affecting fluid levels, and deliver medications and nutrition.

Antiviral medication aims to decrease symptoms caused by herpes simplex virus, but it does not eliminate the infection or stop its spread to others.

Avoid sex if sores or other signs of herpes are present. Always use condoms even if no sores are visible.

Common side effects of antiviral medication include headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. Report persistent side effects or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider.

Nursing care for clients on herpes antivirals involves monitoring for side effects, evaluating therapeutic response (lesion absence), and providing education about safe medication use and potential side effects.

Common side effects of valacyclovir include headache and nausea. More serious side effects include nephrotoxicity, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Hypotonic fluids are used to treat cellular dehydration, such as in cases of DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) or HHNS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome).

Hypertonic fluids are used to treat conditions like cerebral edema and hyponatremia by pulling fluid out of the cells and into the bloodstream.

The key difference lies in their solute concentration compared to the cells. Hypotonic fluids have a lower solute concentration, causing water to move into cells, while hypertonic fluids have a higher solute concentration, causing water to move out of cells.