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Questions and Answers

Which scenario best illustrates a 'counterintuitive' decision?

  • A student dropping out of college to start a business that becomes highly successful.
  • An athlete training rigorously to improve their performance and win a competition.
  • A person donating a large sum of money to charity, despite struggling with personal debt. (correct)
  • A chef experimenting with new ingredients to create a dish that receives rave reviews.

In what situation is someone's view described as 'dogmatic'?

  • Neutral on issues, so they do not express views that have a strong ethical component.
  • Actively encouraging an open exchange of ideas to reach a consensus.
  • Firmly adhering to certain beliefs without considering alternative viewpoints. (correct)
  • Flexible in their beliefs and willing to update their views if new evidence is presented.

What is most likely to occur 'subsequently' after a company announces unexpected financial losses?

  • Expansion into new markets to capitalize on growth opportunities.
  • Improvement in employee morale due to shared sacrifice.
  • Increased investment in research and development.
  • Stock price decline and potential restructuring efforts. (correct)

If someone's actions 'backfire', what is the likely outcome?

<p>The actions produce an outcome opposite to what was intended. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation requires protecting someone's 'anonymity'?

<p>A whistleblower provides information about illegal activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is planning to expand its operations. Which of the following scenarios best describes a strategic business move related to expansion?

<p>Opening a new branch in an untapped market to increase customer reach. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a multicultural team where members speak different native languages, which of the following strategies would be MOST effective for ensuring clear communication and collaboration?

<p>Establishing one language as the <strong>lingua franca</strong> for all team communications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A marketing team decides to target young adults with a new social media campaign. Which action exemplifies this strategy?

<p>Developing content optimized for platforms like TikTok and Instagram. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company notices that sales of its primary product are starting to decline. What course of action BEST addresses this situation?

<p>Conducting market research to understand the reasons for the decline and adjust the product or marketing strategy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An analyst is trying to predict future market trends based on current economic data. Which approach aligns with effective forecasting?

<p>Analyzing historical data and current indicators to anticipate potential shifts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates the dissemination of information?

<p>A rumor spreads rapidly through a school after an announcement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small business owner wants to increase brand awareness. Which action aligns with a promotional strategy?

<p>Sponsoring a local charity event. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation exemplifies 'media literacy' in action?

<p>Critically evaluating the reliability of an online news source. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the 'advent' of smartphones contrast with older mobile phones?

<p>Smartphones revolutionized communication with advanced features. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the impact of 'pervasive' advertising?

<p>A person chooses a brand solely because of constant exposure to its ads. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A journalist is investigating a senator for corruption. If the 'press' turns against the senator, what is a likely outcome?

<p>The senator will likely face increased scrutiny and potentially resign. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organization 'distributes' leaflets in a public area. What is the primary purpose of this action?

<p>To disseminate information to a wide audience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A documentary filmmaker 'intends' to release a film. What would be the best plan of action to achieve this?

<p>Submitting his film to a film festival to get exposure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates the use of social media to facilitate a social movement?

<p>Activists using social media to organize a protest march against new environmental regulations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of a 'filter bubble' primarily affect an individual's perspective?

<p>It reinforces existing beliefs by limiting exposure to agreeing viewpoints. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of online information, what does 'credibility' primarily refer to?

<p>The accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness of a source. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a rumor or false claim begins to 'proliferate' online, what is the most likely outcome?

<p>The information will spread rapidly and widely, potentially causing confusion or harm. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might algorithms used by social media platforms contribute to political 'polarization'?

<p>By creating echo chambers where users are primarily shown content that aligns with their existing beliefs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it imply when online content spreads 'unchecked'?

<p>The content spreads without moderation, verification, or regulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action exemplifies a person who is likely to 'dismiss' claims that social media companies filter content?

<p>Ignoring evidence suggesting content filtering and denying it outright. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation demonstrates 'questionable' behavior regarding the use of information found online?

<p>A person sharing an article on social media without reading it, based solely on the headline. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates the most effective use of 'word of mouth' marketing?

<p>A new restaurant gains popularity as satisfied customers recommend it to friends and family. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context would a company need to 'adjust' its strategies most urgently?

<p>When facing a rapidly changing market due to new technologies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely reason for a government to 'suppress' information?

<p>To maintain national security or control public opinion during a crisis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation best illustrates the concept of 'external' influence?

<p>A student's academic performance improving due to tutoring from a private instructor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A teacher notices a student with a 'latent' talent for writing. What action would best nurture this talent?

<p>Providing the student with challenging writing prompts and opportunities for feedback. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action exemplifies how a company might 'reinforce' its brand identity?

<p>Consistently delivering high-quality products and customer service that align with its brand values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of social movements, what does it mean to 'stir up' debate?

<p>To provoke discussion and raise awareness about an issue, often leading to action. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ensuring that populations become 'literate', particularly in developing countries?

<p>It empowers individuals, enhances economic opportunities, and promotes social development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies an 'echo chamber' effect?

<p>An individual primarily consuming news from sources that align with their existing political beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential pitfall of relying heavily on tailored online content?

<p>Reduced exposure to diverse viewpoints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is most likely to counter the formation of filter bubbles?

<p>Seeking out sources presenting contrary viewpoints. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might attempting to 'reason' with someone deeply entrenched in an echo chamber backfire?

<p>Because direct confrontation can strengthen their existing beliefs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does browsing history contribute to the creation of filter bubbles?

<p>It helps search engines tailor results in line with past searches. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is LEAST likely to foster open-mindedness?

<p>Surrounding oneself with individuals who share identical opinions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between anonymity online and the potential for dogmatic viewpoints?

<p>Anonymity can exacerbate dogmatism by removing accountability for extreme views. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An individual with a nuanced stance on a controversial issue is likely to:

<p>Demonstrate an understanding of varied perspectives and complexities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Medium

A means of communication (e.g., newspaper, podcast).

Communication Channel

A way of conveying information to people.

Promotional

Related to advertising or marketing.

To disseminate

To spread something widely.

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Billboard

A large outdoor advertising structure.

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Current Affairs

Subjects or events of public interest and importance.

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Advent

The beginning or arrival of something new.

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Pervasive

Existing or spreading everywhere.

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To target

To aim at or focus on a specific person or group.

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Initially

At the beginning; originally.

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Expansion

The act of growing or increasing in size or scope.

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Influential

Having the power to affect or change something.

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Lingua franca

A language used for communication between groups of people speaking different languages.

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Social Media

Online platforms where users create and share content, often used for communication and organizing.

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To Facilitate

To make an action or process easier; to assist.

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Propagation

The spread or transmission of something.

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To Devote

To dedicate time or effort to a specific purpose or cause.

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Filter Bubble

A situation where someone's exposure to information aligns with their existing beliefs, limiting diverse perspectives.

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To Dismiss

To reject or dismiss something as not worth considering.

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Collectively

Done collectively by a group

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To Proliferate

To grow or spread rapidly.

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Echo Chamber

A situation where beliefs are reinforced by repetition inside a closed system.

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To Navigate

To find the correct route or direction.

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Pitfall

A hidden or unsuspected danger or difficulty.

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To Overcome

Rise above; succeed in dealing with.

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Barrier

Something preventing movement or progress.

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Viewpoint

A way of considering something; an opinion.

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To Expand

To make or become larger or more extensive.

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To Tailor

Adjust something to suit a specific need.

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Public Opinion

The beliefs or attitudes that most people have about a particular subject.

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External

Relating to the outside; not internal.

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To stir up

To cause trouble or cause people to become angry or excited.

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To Negotiate

To discuss something formally in order to reach an agreement.

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Corporation

A large company or group of companies controlled together as a single organization.

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To Adjust

To change something slightly to make it more suitable.

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To Conform

To behave according to a group's usual standards and expectations.

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To Affirm

To say that something is certainly true.

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To flee

To run away, often secretly, to avoid arrest or prosecution.

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Counterintuitive

Describes something as contrary to what intuition or common sense would indicate.

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Preconceptions

Views or opinions formed beforehand, especially when based on insufficient evidence.

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Nuanced

A thorough and deep understanding of a subject, issue, etc. involving the ability to recognize subtle differences and complexities.

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Cognitive

Having to do with mental processes such as thinking, reasoning, and remembering.

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Study Notes

  • Nowadays, newspapers use media such as podcasts and websites to publish their articles, as well as the traditional paper medium.
  • The main communication channel between different colleagues in a workplace is often email.
  • The promotional offer meant it was possible to get two issues for the price of one.
  • The rumor quickly spread through the crowd that the politician would not turn up to the event.
  • A billboard showed a beautiful woman advertising a new range of sunglasses.
  • Someone states they intend to speak to the manager about the issue.
  • They subscribed to the newsletter, to keep up with all of the group's social events.
  • The sports clothing brand sponsored the athlete to wear their clothes, and post photos online.
  • Feature films usually last for at least 90 minutes.
  • A current affairs program focuses primarily on changes to Brexit at the moment.
  • The advent of the telephone changed the way humans communicate forever.
  • There is a deep concern to the pervasive influence of Hollywood for the love of films.
  • A scheme will help improve the media literacy of elderly people.
  • If her story reached the mass media, there would be a public outcry.
  • A shop offers a range of stationary products, including pens, pencils, and notebooks.
  • Politicians often resign soon after the press turn against them.
  • Someone sought to persuade her that none of it was their fault.
  • A group distributed leaflets warning people of the dangers of this new drug.
  • Social media is increasingly used by young people to organize protests and marches.
  • The guard facilitated the prisoner's escape from prison by not locking his cell.
  • The spread of this false claim stopped many parents from vaccinating their children.
  • Someone devoted their life to helping people.
  • The idea of the "filter bubble" suggests social media users gradually limit their news feeds to only opinions or themes with which they agree.
  • People are not allowed to bring any devices with an internet connection into the exam.
  • They dismissed his claim, as he had lied so many times before.
  • Some psychologists believe that our unconscious thoughts are our most honest ones
  • Facebook uses algorithms to analyze the content its users like the most, so they can advertise products people are more likely to buy.
  • The revision class consolidated one's knowledge of this topic.
  • The political party's policy on immigration caused a polarization of it's members.
  • The prime minister's credibility was damaged after her lies were revealed.
  • Traveling through Asia is an increasingly popular choice amongst young people.
  • Questionable opinions about this topic caused a lot of anger.
  • The police often have to respond to hoax terrorist threats.
  • The jury decided collectively that the man was not guilty.
  • The teacher discovered that the cheating issue had proliferated, meaning almost every child had to be disqualified.
  • The scientist had been able to carry out experiments on humans for many years, completely unchecked.
  • The author's publisher demanded that they change the ending.
  • The gang targeted vulnerable members of the community, to persuade them to join.
  • Though doubts were present initially, she has proven to be a valuable addition to the team.
  • The company's expansion to a second office has created more jobs.
  • The visit to the university was influential in her decision to study there.
  • They regard their sister as my best friend.
  • When politicians meet at international conferences, English is usually the lingua franca.
  • Their father was fluent in Spanish, French and Italian.
  • The school let them access the Internet at break times.
  • They remained their Italian accent even after living in England for ten years.
  • They predicted that this technology would not be on sale in a few years' time.
  • The number of cars on the road began to decline when the new train service was finished.
  • This invention could have huge Implications for the way we travel in future.
  • The spy's gadget helped him to climb the wall of the building.
  • Public opinion regarding smoking has changed in recent decades.
  • External pressure from his family and friends persuaded him to pursue his music career.
  • The comment was meant to stir up debate amongst the group.
  • After ten minutes of bargaining, they finally negotiated a better deal.
  • All corporations have a responsibility to help benefit society.
  • After having children, they adjusted their work schedule to give them more time at home.
  • The planned deal between the companies was affirmed in last night's meeting.
  • Belief in her leadership skills was reinforced after seeing her presentation.
  • The child's latent desire to perform on stage was encouraged by her trip to the theater.
  • The excellent treatment received prompted them to train as a midwife.
  • The restaurant's reputation came entirely from word of mouth publicity.
  • The charity aimed to help more girls in developing countries become literate.
  • They were forced to suppress their homosexuality to remain the family.
  • All the information from the old system needs to be transmitted to this database.
  • The oldest version of this phone can only text message and make calls.
  • The initiative was aimed at young people, in particular those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
  • Her guidance with the university application helped her to secure a place.
  • The band recorded the drums in an echo chamber, to make the sound more powerful.
  • The media team helped to make sure the website was easy to navigate.
  • A common pitfall for many students when writing essays is to describe a scene, rather than to analyze it.
  • They overcame their shyness and performed the song to the rest of the school.
  • The financial cost is a barrier preventing many young people from considering university education.
  • They have different viewpoints when it comes to politics.
  • The shop expanded their range to also include men's fashion.
  • Their company's printing can be tailored to suit the needs of each individual customer.
  • It is impossible to overstate the impact this advice had on one's career.
  • The criminal's browsing history revealed that he had been planning to flee the country.
  • One was fired for committing fraud, which is in line with the company's policy.
  • The vote was a crucial step towards Brexit finally being implemented.
  • This biscuit is actually vegan, contrary to what you might expect.
  • The varied responses showed that this was still a sensitive issue.
  • Getting a master's degree seemed counterintuitive to a desire to earn more money quickly, but it would pay off in the long run.
  • Someone decided to seek out another doctor, to get a second opinion on the surgery.
  • The jury's preconceptions about the celebrity prevented it from being a fair trial.
  • They countered the argument with a study which proved the opposite to be true.
  • The President's attempt to hide the scandal backfired by drawing more media attention to it.
  • Britain is said to have a moderate climate, as it is rarely that hot or cold.
  • After years of study, the historian had a nuanced understanding of the conflict.
  • She changed her stance regarding abortion after listening to personal anecdotes.
  • Immanuel Kant believed that women cannot reason in the same way as men.
  • They were very attached to the toy, as they had been given it at birth.
  • After the stroke, she lacked the cognitive ability to learn a language.
  • The shop was licensed to sell alcohol.
  • This person's open-mindedness is one's best quality.
  • The lack of proper schooling subsequently led to lower job prospects.
  • One showed that one wanted to dissent the manager's idea by voting against it.
  • They were dogmatic that this was right for the country, despite the public outrage.
  • The witness' anonymity has to be protected for her safety.

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