IT Strategic Planning Overview
18 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary task involved in the systems investigation process?

  • Programming the application
  • Gathering user requirements
  • Designing the system
  • Conducting a feasibility study (correct)

What is the main deliverable of the systems analysis stage?

  • User feedback report
  • Completed software code
  • A set of system requirements (correct)
  • System design specifications

Which of the following best describes the programming and testing process?

  • Implementing new features in the existing system
  • The stage where high-level requirements are gathered
  • Translating design into code and checking for errors (correct)
  • Drafting technical specifications for the system

What major conversion strategy involves gradually switching from the old system to the new one?

<p>Phased strategy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of alternative development methods, what does JAD stand for?

<p>Joint Application Design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which development methodology emphasizes rapid iterations and user involvement?

<p>Agile development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of end-user development?

<p>Users develop applications independently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does integrated computer-aided software engineering (ICASE) combine?

<p>Upper and lower CASE tools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach defines a list of user requirements and evolves through iterative feedback?

<p>Prototyping approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of object-oriented development is emphasized?

<p>Identifying real-world entities as objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the net present value method in cost-benefit analysis evaluate?

<p>The future values of benefits compared to their present-value equivalent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Return on Investment (ROI) calculated?

<p>Net income attributable to a project divided by average assets invested (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options represents a fundamental aspect of break-even analysis?

<p>The point where cumulative benefits equal the investment made (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines how much computer code a company decides to write?

<p>The level of customization needed for the application (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When acquiring applications, how can companies choose to finance their decision?

<p>By deciding to buy or lease prewritten or customized applications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical decision regarding the platform for running a new application?

<p>Selecting a cloud vendor or an on-premises solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of sources can applications originate from when considering prewritten options?

<p>Open-source software or proprietary applications from vendors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a company choose to customize a prewritten application?

<p>To better meet specific business needs without starting from scratch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Net Present Value (NPV)

A method that converts future benefits to their present-value equivalent using the organization's cost of funds. It compares the present value of future benefits with the cost to determine if benefits exceed costs.

Return on Investment (ROI)

Measures how effectively management generates profits with available assets. It's calculated by dividing net income from a project by the average assets invested.

Break-Even Analysis

Determines the point where the total benefits from a project equal the investment made. It helps analyze if a project is worth the cost.

Business Case

A document used to justify funding for specific applications or projects. It outlines the business need, costs, benefits, and expected outcomes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Code Writing Decision

Deciding how much computer code to write when acquiring new applications, options include: using a prewritten application, customizing a prewritten application, or writing new code from scratch.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Payment Method

Choosing how to pay for an application, considering options like buying, leasing, or using internal funding.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Application Hosting

Deciding where an application will run, on the company's own platform or on someone else's platform (using a software-as-a-service vendor or an application service provider).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Application Origin

Determining the origin of an application. Options include using open-source software, prewritten applications from vendors, or customizing existing applications. Companies can choose to customize in-house or outsource.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Systems Investigation

A planning stage to identify and evaluate potential solutions for a business problem, examining factors like cost, benefits, risks, and resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Systems Analysis

A process that analyzes an existing system to understand its strengths, weaknesses, and potential for improvement. It gathers information to define the requirements for a new or improved system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Systems Design

A stage where the technical details of the new system are determined, including its components, how they interact, and how they meet the defined requirements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Programming

Involves translating the design specifications into computer code. Programmers write the instructions that tell the system how to function.

Signup and view all the flashcards

System Testing

A crucial step where the developed code is tested to ensure it produces the desired results and to identify and fix errors in the code.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Implementation

The process of transitioning from the old system to the new system. It involves planning, training, data migration, and cutover strategies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Operation and Maintenance

The ongoing process of maintaining the system, including fixing bugs, adding new features, and responding to changes in business needs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Joint Application Design (JAD)

A group-based method for gathering user requirements and designing systems, which is often used for collaborative efforts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rapid Application Development (RAD)

A rapid development approach that aims to quickly produce a functional system by combining techniques like JAD, prototyping, and integrated tools.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Agile Development

A software development methodology that emphasizes delivering working software frequently in short iterations, focusing on user feedback and continuous improvement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

IT Strategic Planning Cost-Benefit Analysis

  • Net Present Value (NPV): Converts future benefits to present value using the organization's cost of funds. Compares present value of benefits to costs to determine if benefits exceed costs.
  • Return on Investment (ROI): Measures profitability of assets. Calculated as (Net Income / Average Assets Invested) * 100. Higher percentage indicates better performance.
  • Break-Even Analysis: Determines the point where cumulative benefits equal investment.
  • Business Case Approach: Developers justify funding for specific applications/projects.

Application Acquisition Decisions

  • Code Amount: Companies decide on pre-written, customized pre-written, or entirely custom applications.
  • Payment Method: Purchase or lease for pre-written/customized applications; internal funding for custom applications.
  • Application Location: Companies choose their own platform, or SaaS/ASP vendors.
  • Application Origin: Companies choose open-source or vendor applications (proprietary). Customizing, in-house development, or outsourcing options available.

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

  • Systems Investigation: Addresses business problem through feasibility study.
  • Systems Analysis: Examines the problem and existing system to determine new system requirements. Creates system requirements.
  • Systems Design: Describes how the system will solve the problem. Creates technical system specifications.
  • Programming & Testing: Translates design to code, tests for expected results and detects errors (bugs). Delivers the new application.
  • Implementation: Converts from old to new system using direct, pilot, phased, or parallel conversion strategies.
  • Operation & Maintenance: Includes debugging, updating, and adding new functions as needed.

Alternative Development Methods & Tools

  • Joint Application Design (JAD): Group-based method for collecting user requirements and designing systems.
  • Rapid Application Development (RAD): Combines JAD, prototyping, and ICASE tools for rapid, high-quality system development.
  • Agile Development: Delivers functionality in rapid, weekly iterations.
  • DevOps: Integrates IT development and user operations to keep users involved throughout development.
  • End-User Development: End-users develop their own applications with little or no IT assistance.
  • Design Thinking: Focuses on understanding user needs through empathy, defining the problem from user perspective, generating ideas/prototypes, then testing and refining based on feedback.
  • Prototyping: Defines user requirements, builds a system model, and iteratively improves based on feedback.
  • Integrated Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE): Combines upper (Systems investigation, analysis, design) and lower (programming, testing, operation, maintenance) CASE tools.
  • Component-Based Development: Uses standard, reusable components (e.g., shopping cart, authentication) to build applications.
  • Object-Oriented Development: Models real-world entities (objects) with properties and operations.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

This quiz examines key concepts in IT strategic planning, focusing on cost-benefit analysis and application acquisition decisions. Topics include Net Present Value (NPV), Return on Investment (ROI), Break-Even Analysis, and the Business Case Approach. Test your knowledge on how organizations evaluate and implement IT projects effectively.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser