IT Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does data represent?

Facts

Materials

Figures

All of the above (correct)

What is the process of organizing or classifying data called?

Information

Types of Data include Alphanumeric, ______, Image, and Video data.

Audio

What is Alphanumeric Data represented by?

Numbers, letters, and other characters Signup and view all the answers

Audio Data is represented by ______.

Sounds, noises, or tones Signup and view all the answers

What does Image Data consist of?

Graphic images and pictures Signup and view all the answers

What is Video Data?

Moving images or pictures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are characteristics of quality data/information? (Select all that apply)

Completeness Signup and view all the answers

What are Databases?

A set of tables or data that link/have relationship with each other Signup and view all the answers

What are input masks used for?

Enforce accuracy and completeness of data entry Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of an input mask.

( _ _ _ ) _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ Signup and view all the answers

What do rows and columns represent in table layouts?

Rows = records, Columns = fields Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of an information system?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What does SOA stand for?

Service Oriented Architecture Signup and view all the answers

What does CPU stand for?

Central Processing Unit Signup and view all the answers

What is Custom Software?

Software designed to fit an organization's goals and processes Signup and view all the answers

What do we call 'off the shelf' software?

Packages Software Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary key in a database?

Uniquely identified data or table Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data and Information

Data: Represents real facts, materials, or figures.
Information: Involves processing, organizing, or classifying data.

Types of Data

Alphanumeric Data: Comprises numbers, letters, and other characters.
Audio Data: Consists of sounds, noises, or tones.
Image Data: Includes graphic images and pictures.
Video Data: Encompasses moving images or pictures.

Quality Data and Information Characteristics

Completeness: Ensures all necessary data is present.
Accuracy: Reflects the true value or correctness of data.
Redundancy: Minimizes excessive duplication of data.

Databases

Defined as a set of related tables storing data that connects with one another.
Utilizes Primary Key: Uniquely identifies data within a database (e.g., student number).
Utilizes Secondary Key: Known as a "foreign key," it provides access to additional information related to a specific entry.

Input and Data Management

Input Masks: Facilitate data entry by enforcing accuracy, completeness, and avoiding poor quality information (e.g., phone number format).
Table Layouts: Structure where rows represent records and columns represent data types (e.g., phone numbers).

Information Systems

Schematic Model: Describes the process flow from input (collecting and organizing data) to output (displaying information).
Computer-based Information System Model: Interacts with information technology for data collection, similar to the schematic model.

Components of Information Systems

Hardware: Includes input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), processing units (e.g., CPU), output devices (e.g., printer), and storage (e.g., CD, USB).
Software: Divided into application software (e.g., games, word processors) and system software (e.g., operating systems).
Data: Uses tools like word cloud techniques for analysis and formatting.
Processes: Main steps required to complete various tasks within systems.
People: Essential for operating and utilizing information systems.

Categories of Information Systems (IS)

Personal IS: Individual productivity tools, such as decision-support systems; e.g., SIRI.
Group IS: Tools that enhance collaboration, including email and project management platforms; e.g., Google Docs.
Enterprise IS: Systems designed for organizational productivity, such as transaction processing systems; e.g., ATMs.

Software Types

Custom Software: Tailored to meet the specific needs and goals of an organization (e.g., registration systems).
Package Software: Readily available "off the shelf" solutions (e.g., Microsoft Office suite).

Architectural Models

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA): A design approach that uses distinct services to support program functionalities.
Client Server Architecture (CSA): A network structure where client devices request services and servers provide them.

Summary of Information Systems Components

Relationship between hardware and software: System software acts as a bridge, connecting application software to hardware layers.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key terms from IT Chapter 1. Each card covers essential vocabulary related to data and its types, aiding in your understanding of fundamental concepts. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning!