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Questions and Answers
What method did the hackers use to compromise the SolarWinds software supply chain?
What method did the hackers use to compromise the SolarWinds software supply chain?
- Unauthorized access to SolarWinds servers
- Malicious injection into software updates (correct)
- Social engineering attacks on SolarWinds employees
- Denial of service attacks on SolarWinds infrastructure
What is the NPM Node Package Manager primarily used for?
What is the NPM Node Package Manager primarily used for?
- Managing financial transactions
- Storing personal documents
- Organizing email communication
- Exchanging software packages (correct)
What is the purpose of Scopes in NPM Node Package Manager?
What is the purpose of Scopes in NPM Node Package Manager?
- Creating data backups
- Monitoring system performance
- Grouping similar software development packages (correct)
- Managing user profiles
How did the attackers achieve unfettered package change under a Scope in NPM?
How did the attackers achieve unfettered package change under a Scope in NPM?
What type of vulnerability led to remote code execution in Cloudflare?
What type of vulnerability led to remote code execution in Cloudflare?
What is the primary goal of security in the pipeline (SIP) according to the text?
What is the primary goal of security in the pipeline (SIP) according to the text?
What are some of the important benefits of continuous integration and continuous delivery/deployment (CI/CD)?
What are some of the important benefits of continuous integration and continuous delivery/deployment (CI/CD)?
Why is security often a concern in the CI/CD pipeline?
Why is security often a concern in the CI/CD pipeline?
How does DevSecOps aim to change the speed and delivery of software security?
How does DevSecOps aim to change the speed and delivery of software security?
Why is it critical for developers to understand what is happening during software development and deployment in the context of security?
Why is it critical for developers to understand what is happening during software development and deployment in the context of security?
What role does DevSecOps play in the development and deployment process?
What role does DevSecOps play in the development and deployment process?
What does CI/CD save an enormous amount of for developers?
What does CI/CD save an enormous amount of for developers?
What makes CI/CD pipelines a desirable target for adversaries?
What makes CI/CD pipelines a desirable target for adversaries?
How can attackers potentially exploit the trust connection between code repositories and servers in CI/CD pipelines?
How can attackers potentially exploit the trust connection between code repositories and servers in CI/CD pipelines?
Why are containers considered a secure solution for executing programs in CI/CD pipelines?
Why are containers considered a secure solution for executing programs in CI/CD pipelines?
What is a supply chain assault in the context of CI/CD pipeline security?
What is a supply chain assault in the context of CI/CD pipeline security?
What is the significance of the SolarWinds Orion supply chain breach?
What is the significance of the SolarWinds Orion supply chain breach?
What made SolarWinds a valuable target for the supply chain assault?
What made SolarWinds a valuable target for the supply chain assault?
What is the purpose of a Web Application Firewall (WAF)?
What is the purpose of a Web Application Firewall (WAF)?
Which type of WAF implementation is typically the most expensive and requires physical equipment?
Which type of WAF implementation is typically the most expensive and requires physical equipment?
What is the main advantage of a cloud-based WAF?
What is the main advantage of a cloud-based WAF?
What does Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) technology perform?
What does Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) technology perform?
What is the purpose of Continuous esecurity?
What is the purpose of Continuous esecurity?
What does Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) refer to?
What does Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) refer to?
What is the main purpose of Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM)?
What is the main purpose of Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM)?
What is the primary focus of Security Around the Pipeline (SAP)?
What is the primary focus of Security Around the Pipeline (SAP)?
Why is continuous security integration crucial for contemporary systems?
Why is continuous security integration crucial for contemporary systems?
What is the primary function of Kubernetes in the context of software security?
What is the primary function of Kubernetes in the context of software security?
Why is it necessary to include continuous security validation into CI/CD pipelines?
Why is it necessary to include continuous security validation into CI/CD pipelines?
What does Security of the Pipeline (SOP) primarily focus on protecting?
What does Security of the Pipeline (SOP) primarily focus on protecting?
What is the primary function of RASP in the context of application security?
What is the primary function of RASP in the context of application security?
In which mode does RASP attempt to prevent security issues from occurring?
In which mode does RASP attempt to prevent security issues from occurring?
How do developers implement RASP using function calls found in an app’s source code?
How do developers implement RASP using function calls found in an app’s source code?
What is the ultimate effect of implementing RASP in an application's security?
What is the ultimate effect of implementing RASP in an application's security?
What is the primary purpose of application security monitoring?
What is the primary purpose of application security monitoring?
What capability is unavailable to security solutions that operate 'outside' apps?
What capability is unavailable to security solutions that operate 'outside' apps?
What advantage do application security monitoring solutions have over embedding monitoring code into each application?
What advantage do application security monitoring solutions have over embedding monitoring code into each application?
What is the primary function of logging in an application?
What is the primary function of logging in an application?
What is the primary purpose of Incident Response?
What is the primary purpose of Incident Response?
What is the primary objective when Containment of attackers and incident activity is performed?
What is the primary objective when Containment of attackers and incident activity is performed?
What is the significance of Incident Response Frameworks?
What is the significance of Incident Response Frameworks?
Why is a risk assessment conducted during the Preparation of processes and systems phase of Incident Response?
Why is a risk assessment conducted during the Preparation of processes and systems phase of Incident Response?
What is the main focus during the Identification of occurrences phase of Incident Response?
What is the main focus during the Identification of occurrences phase of Incident Response?
What is typically performed during Short-term containment as part of Incident Response?
What is typically performed during Short-term containment as part of Incident Response?
What is the primary function of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) incident response methodology?
What is the primary function of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) incident response methodology?
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What is typically performed during Short-term containment as part of Incident Response?
What is typically performed during Short-term containment as part of Incident Response?
What is the primary responsibility of a cloud computing provider according to the shared responsibility model?
What is the primary responsibility of a cloud computing provider according to the shared responsibility model?
What is the primary role of bug bounty programs in proactive security management?
What is the primary role of bug bounty programs in proactive security management?
What is the responsibility of users in the software as a service (SaaS) model of cloud computing?
What is the responsibility of users in the software as a service (SaaS) model of cloud computing?
What is the primary function of Red teaming exercises in cybersecurity?
What is the primary function of Red teaming exercises in cybersecurity?
Which type of cloud service model places more security responsibilities on the users as they go from SaaS to PaaS and to IaaS?
Which type of cloud service model places more security responsibilities on the users as they go from SaaS to PaaS and to IaaS?
What is the purpose of hiring white-hat hackers in bug bounty programs?
What is the purpose of hiring white-hat hackers in bug bounty programs?
What is the main responsibility of a company's IT staff and employees in a shared responsibility model for cloud security?
What is the main responsibility of a company's IT staff and employees in a shared responsibility model for cloud security?
What is the primary focus of Red Hat’s Ansible Playbook in the context of patching process automation?
What is the primary focus of Red Hat’s Ansible Playbook in the context of patching process automation?
"Traditional information security checked for security at the conclusion of an application, whereas continuous security tests for security in parallel from start to finish" – Which concept does this statement refer to?
"Traditional information security checked for security at the conclusion of an application, whereas continuous security tests for security in parallel from start to finish" – Which concept does this statement refer to?
What are the four stages of the incident response framework according to Cichonsk et al. (2012)?
What are the four stages of the incident response framework according to Cichonsk et al. (2012)?
What is a key contribution to cybersecurity by SANS?
What is a key contribution to cybersecurity by SANS?
What is the process of revealing security vulnerabilities in computer software or hardware known as?
What is the process of revealing security vulnerabilities in computer software or hardware known as?
What do patches modify in an operating system, platform, or application?
What do patches modify in an operating system, platform, or application?
What is the primary purpose of patch management in systems administration?
What is the primary purpose of patch management in systems administration?
Which entity implemented the coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) concept?
Which entity implemented the coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) concept?
What does automating patch management help to reduce?
What does automating patch management help to reduce?
What is the primary advantage of combining patch management with automation technologies?
What is the primary advantage of combining patch management with automation technologies?
What type of vulnerabilities do bug bounties and vulnerability rewards programs aim to address?
What type of vulnerabilities do bug bounties and vulnerability rewards programs aim to address?
Which organization collaborated on security-related research and public education to present the SANS incident response framework?
Which organization collaborated on security-related research and public education to present the SANS incident response framework?
What is the main benefit of using logs to test apps prior to deploying them into production?
What is the main benefit of using logs to test apps prior to deploying them into production?
What is the direct impact of the length of time a vulnerability remains exploitable?
What is the direct impact of the length of time a vulnerability remains exploitable?
How does logging and effective log management contribute to improving collaboration between teams?
How does logging and effective log management contribute to improving collaboration between teams?
What is the primary role of logs in the context of application security?
What is the primary role of logs in the context of application security?
Why is the use of logs important in the context of software development and deployment?
Why is the use of logs important in the context of software development and deployment?
What aspect does effective log management aim to enhance in the context of application development?
What aspect does effective log management aim to enhance in the context of application development?
What impact does the presence of vulnerabilities in deployed applications have on other team members?
What impact does the presence of vulnerabilities in deployed applications have on other team members?
Why might vulnerabilities delivered into production remain exploitable for several hours or even days?
Why might vulnerabilities delivered into production remain exploitable for several hours or even days?
What is the primary purpose of a top-tier log management application in the context of application security?
What is the primary purpose of a top-tier log management application in the context of application security?
How does log management contribute to reducing costs related to security flaws?
How does log management contribute to reducing costs related to security flaws?
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