Isotopes and Radioactivity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the time for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay?

  • Radiation decay period
  • Isotopic stability time
  • Radioactive half-life (correct)
  • Nuclear transformation time

    • How are unstable atomic nuclei transformed into stable atoms?

  • By emitting non-ionizing rays
  • By emitting ionizing particles (correct)
  • Through radioactive half-life
  • Through nuclear fusion

    • What is the main characteristic of radioactive atoms?

  • They have a shorter half-life
  • They give off excess energy (correct)
  • They lack protons
  • They are chemically unstable

    • Which type of radiation is emitted during radioactive decay?

    <p>Gamma radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an unstable atomic nucleus?

    <p>Too many or too few neutrons for a given number of protons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do unstable atoms try to achieve stability?

    <p>By emitting excess energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the activity of a sample and the number of half-lives that have passed?

    <p>The activity decreases exponentially with the number of half-lives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT needed to determine the activity present after a certain time in radioactive decay?

    <p>Mass of the sample (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a sample has undergone 3 half-lives, what fraction of the original activity remains?

    <p>$\frac{1}{8}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will happen to the activity of a sample if it undergoes two more half-lives beyond what was described in the text?

    <p>It will be reduced to $\frac{1}{16}$ of its initial activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation does not carry enough energy per quantum to ionize atoms or molecules?

    <p>Infrared light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is radioactive decay considered an exponential process?

    <p>Because the rate of decay decreases exponentially over time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of removing electrons from neutral atoms called?

    <p>Ionization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation can deposit large amounts of energy in a small amount of body tissue?

    <p>Alpha particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of alpha particles in air?

    <p>1-2 inches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation consists of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves energetic enough to detach electrons from atoms or molecules?

    <p>Gamma rays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the decay constant (λ) in the equation A(t) = Ao e^(-λt) if A(t) = 2.57 mCi and t = 28 days?

    <p>$\frac{0.693}{14.3}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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