30 Questions
What is the structural characteristic of isoquinoline and quinoline?
They are benzo pyridines derivatives
How many types of Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are known?
About 4000
What is the common name of the plant from which Ipecac is obtained?
Cephaelis ipecacuanha
What is the minimum percentage of ethersoluble alkaloids yielded by Ipecac?
2%
Which of the following is an example of a Phenanthrene alkaloid?
morphine
What is the name of the compound that is most important from a biosynthetic point of view?
Reticuline
What is the main effect of tubocurarine on the muscles?
Relaxation of skeletal muscles
What is the active constituent responsible for the antibacterial properties of Barberry?
Berberine
What is the botanical name of the plant from which opium is obtained?
Papaver somniferum
What is the effect of a large dose of tubocurarine chloride on an individual?
Respiratory failure due to muscle paralysis
What is the significance of artificial respiration in individuals administered with tubocurarine chloride?
To prevent respiratory failure
What is the term 'opium' derived from?
Greek word for poppy juice
What is the intermediate with a phenanthrene nucleus formed in the biosynthetic pathway starting with nor laudanosoline?
Salutaridine
What is the result of stepwise demethylation of thebaine?
Formation of morphine and codeine
What is the significance of P.bracteatum in biosynthetic studies?
It lacks demethylation capability
Why is thebaine useful commercially?
It can be converted to codeine
What is the therapeutic significance of P.somniferum?
It produces morphine
What distinguishes useful plants from those of only scientific interest?
Subtle metabolic differences
What is Sanguinaria composed of?
Dried rhizomes and roots of Sanguinaria canadensis
What is the effect of sanguinarine on chromosomes in a cell?
It causes doubling of the chromosomes
What is the biosynthetic precursor of isoquinoline alkaloids?
Phenylalanine and tyrosine
What is the function of Sanguinaria in pharmaceuticals?
It is used as an ingredient in compound white pine syrup
What is the intermediate in the biosynthesis of papaverine?
Norlaudanosoline
What is the biosynthetic precursor of morphine?
Two molecules of tyrosine
Which international organization controls the cultivation of opium poppy?
International Narcotic Control Board of the United Nations
In which month is the opium poppy plant typically 15cm in height?
Spring
What is the percentage of morphine in opium?
4-21%
What is the purpose of superficially cutting the opium poppy plant?
To obtain a milky juice
Which acid is found only in opium and can be used for its detection?
Meconic acid
What is the main effect of phenanthrene alkaloids on the body?
Depressant effect on the CNS
Learn about Isoquinoline, a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, and its derivatives, including Benzylisoquinoline and Tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. Understand the importance of these alkaloids in medicine and their structural types.
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