Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most essential condition for a molecule to exhibit enantiomerism?
What is the most essential condition for a molecule to exhibit enantiomerism?
- Presence of a double bond and cis-trans isomerism.
- Free rotation around a single bond and conformational isomerism.
- Presence of a chiral center and non-superimposable mirror image. (correct)
- Presence of a plane of symmetry within the molecule.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between enantiomers?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between enantiomers?
- They are diastereomers with multiple chiral centers.
- They are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images. (correct)
- They are conformational isomers that interconvert through bond rotation.
- They are structural isomers with different connectivity.
What is the primary difference between stereoisomers and conformational isomers?
What is the primary difference between stereoisomers and conformational isomers?
- Stereoisomers require breaking of bonds to interconvert, while conformational isomers interconvert through rotation around single bonds. (correct)
- Stereoisomers have different connectivities, while conformational isomers are the same molecule in different spatial arrangements.
- Stereoisomers convert readily at room temperature, while conformational isomers require bond breaking.
- Stereoisomers are always chiral, while conformational isomers are always achiral.
What distinguishes the Wurtz reaction from the Corey-House reaction in alkane synthesis?
What distinguishes the Wurtz reaction from the Corey-House reaction in alkane synthesis?
What is a major advantage of the Corey-House reaction over the Wurtz reaction for synthesizing alkanes?
What is a major advantage of the Corey-House reaction over the Wurtz reaction for synthesizing alkanes?
Why is hydrobromination (addition of HBr) in alkenes susceptible to the peroxide effect, while hydrochlorination (addition of HCl) and hydroiodination (addition of HI) are not?
Why is hydrobromination (addition of HBr) in alkenes susceptible to the peroxide effect, while hydrochlorination (addition of HCl) and hydroiodination (addition of HI) are not?
In the presence of peroxides, HBr adds to propene via a free-radical mechanism. What is the major product of this reaction?
In the presence of peroxides, HBr adds to propene via a free-radical mechanism. What is the major product of this reaction?
What is the role of $BH_3$ (borane) in the hydroboration-oxidation reaction of an alkene?
What is the role of $BH_3$ (borane) in the hydroboration-oxidation reaction of an alkene?
What is the function of alkaline $KMnO_4$ ($alk.KMnO_4$) in the reaction with an alkyne?
What is the function of alkaline $KMnO_4$ ($alk.KMnO_4$) in the reaction with an alkyne?
What type of products are typically formed when an internal alkyne is treated with alkaline $KMnO_4$ followed by acidification?
What type of products are typically formed when an internal alkyne is treated with alkaline $KMnO_4$ followed by acidification?
Flashcards
What is enantiomerism?
What is enantiomerism?
Isomers that are mirror images of each other but are non-superimposable.
What are stereoisomers?
What are stereoisomers?
Isomers with the same molecular formula and connectivity but different spatial arrangements.
What is conformational isomerism?
What is conformational isomerism?
Isomers that can be converted into one another by rotation around a single bond.
What is the Wurtz reaction?
What is the Wurtz reaction?
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What is the Corey-House reaction?
What is the Corey-House reaction?
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What is the peroxide effect?
What is the peroxide effect?
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Study Notes
- Enantiomerism definition, essential conditions, and R and S configuration of glyceraldehyde are tested
- Stereoisomers of tartaric acid are examined
- Conformational isomerism is assessed, specifically with conformers of n-butane
- Alkane preparation via Wurtz and Corey-House reactions is covered
- The advantages of the Corey-House reaction compared to the Wurtz reaction are investigated
- The peroxide effect and its observation in HBr, but not in HCl and HI, are questioned
- Completion of chemical reactions involving CH3-CH=CH2 with BH3 followed by H2O2 and OH- is required
- Completion of the chemical reaction involving CH3-C≡C-CH3 with alkaline KMnO4 at 373-378K is requested
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