Islamic Diet and Nutrition

Health and Nutrition

• Allah stresses the importance of maintaining a balanced diet in the Quran.
• Fasting helps to purge toxins from the body and stabilizes hormone secretion.
• Forbidden foods include dead meat, blood, flesh of swine, and intoxicants.
• Fruits are low in calories and high in vitamins and minerals, with sugar being fructose, not sucrose.
• Cleanliness is essential, with Miswak (brushing teeth) and flossing (khilal) as part of daily routine.

Professionalism in Nursing

• A profession is an occupation that requires advanced training, specialized knowledge, and skill, and formal qualification.
• A professional is a person who belongs to and practices a profession.
• Key principles of nursing practice include observing symptoms and reactions, questioning physician orders, and doing accurate recording and reporting.

Role of a Professional Nurse

• Caregiver: assists clients physically and psychologically.
• Communicator: identifies client problems and communicates with the healthcare team.
• Client Advocate: acts to protect the client's needs and wishes.
• Teacher: educates clients about their health and healthcare procedures.
• Change Agent: makes modifications to improve client care.
• Counsellor: helps clients recognize and cope with stressful problems.
• Manager: delegates nursing activities, supervises, and evaluates performance.
• Leader: influences others to work together to accomplish a goal.
• Case Manager: measures the effectiveness of the case management plan and monitors outcomes.
• Research Consumer: uses research to improve client care.

Healthcare System in Malaysia

• The healthcare system reflects a blend of public and private sectors.
• Public Sector: emphasizes universal access and affordability through public hospitals and clinics.
• Private Sector: offers higher quality services but often at a higher cost.
• Challenges in the Malaysian healthcare system include accessibility, disparities in quality and affordability, and rural-urban disparities.

Theory, Ethics, and Professionalism in Nursing

• Nurses serve as frontline caregivers, providing direct patient care, monitoring vital signs, administering medications, and educating patients and families.
• Expanded roles include leadership, advocacy, and research roles.
• Future roles may include telehealth, remote patient monitoring, health informatics, and patient education using digital platforms.
• Key skills required for nurses include adaptability, critical thinking, communication, and technological proficiency.

Purposes and Four Principles of ICN

• The four principles of ICN are nurses and people, nurses and profession, nurses and practice, and nurses and global health.
• The purposes of ICN include expressing nursing's commitment to society and setting a non-negotiable ethical standard.

Nursing Board Malaysia (NBM) – Code of Professional Conducts 1998

• Professional Practice: respect for patients, standards of care, accountability, advocacy, and teamwork.
• Neglect or Disregard: failure to perform duties properly, leading to harm or injury to patients.
• Professional Responsibilities: abide by the dangerous drug ordinance, not participate in the sale of poisons, and not engage in non-therapeutic abortion.
• Abuse of Professional Privileges and Skills: not disclose confidential information, not ask for gifts or loans, and not engage in emotional or sexual relationships with patients.
• Conduct: respect for people, personal behaviour, and commercial undertakings.