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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of calligraphic inscriptions in Islamic architecture?
What is the purpose of calligraphic inscriptions in Islamic architecture?
Which architectural element is considered the most sacred in Islam?
Which architectural element is considered the most sacred in Islam?
What distinguishes a Jami mosque from a Masjid mosque?
What distinguishes a Jami mosque from a Masjid mosque?
What is the main function of a Musalla in Islam?
What is the main function of a Musalla in Islam?
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In Islamic architecture, what does a Mihrab represent?
In Islamic architecture, what does a Mihrab represent?
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Which architectural feature is commonly found in an Idgah in Islamic architecture?
Which architectural feature is commonly found in an Idgah in Islamic architecture?
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What is the function of a Muezzin in relation to a mosque?
What is the function of a Muezzin in relation to a mosque?
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In a mosque, what is the purpose of an Iwan?
In a mosque, what is the purpose of an Iwan?
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What is the significance of a Qibla in a mosque?
What is the significance of a Qibla in a mosque?
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What does a Mihrab indicate in a mosque?
What does a Mihrab indicate in a mosque?
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What is found within the Sahn of a mosque?
What is found within the Sahn of a mosque?
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How does a Minbar differ from a Mihrab in a mosque?
How does a Minbar differ from a Mihrab in a mosque?
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What is the main purpose of the dome in Islamic architecture?
What is the main purpose of the dome in Islamic architecture?
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In Islamic architecture, what is the function of a Minaret typically?
In Islamic architecture, what is the function of a Minaret typically?
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What is the significance of a Mihrab in a mosque?
What is the significance of a Mihrab in a mosque?
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How are Iwans different from typical entrances in Islamic architecture?
How are Iwans different from typical entrances in Islamic architecture?
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Which architectural feature in Islamic buildings is historically associated with Caliphs?
Which architectural feature in Islamic buildings is historically associated with Caliphs?
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What architectural element is commonly used to symbolize the connection between heaven and earth in Islamic architecture?
What architectural element is commonly used to symbolize the connection between heaven and earth in Islamic architecture?
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Study Notes
Islamic Architecture
- Locus of the Diving Throne is described as passive to the intellect, maternal in gender, and sublime in form.
Mosque Features
- A minaret is a tower attached to a mosque where the Muezzin calls Muslims to prayer.
- A Muezzin is the official who proclaims the call of prayer.
- Alem is a tulip or star and crescent-shaped metal ornament attached to the top of a high construction.
- An Iwan is a large vaulted portal opening onto the central courtyard of a mosque.
- A Minbar is a raised pulpit from which the Imam delivers his sermons.
- Qibla is the wall in the mosque where the Mihrab is set, usually oriented towards Mecca.
- Qibla Iwan is the entrance that is oriented towards Mecca, usually the most ornamented Iwan and built with minarets on the sides.
- A Mihrab is a niche or decorative panel that indicates the direction Muslims must face while praying, towards Mecca where the Ka’ba is located.
- A Sahn is the atrium or open courtyard of a mosque, often featuring a fountain or Fawwara.
Islam
- Islam is a belief in Allah, Muhammad as a prophet and founder, with the object of life being to live in a way pleasing to Allah.
- The year AD 610 marks the beginning of Islam, when Muhammad received a vision from angel Gabriel.
- The declaration of faith, Shahada, professes that there is only one God.
- Salat consists of five daily prayers: Fajr (dawn), Dhuhr (noon), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and Isha (night).
- The Five Pillars of Islam are Shahada, Salat, Zakah (alms-giving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
- The Arabian peninsula is bordered by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, with the Arabs conquering parts of both empires and transforming their architectural styles.
Denominations of Islam
- Sunni Muslims consider the Caliphs as the immediate successors of the Prophet.
- Islamic architecture features calligraphic inscriptions, floral, and geometric patterns to shift human consciousness from the material world to real spirituality.
Muslim Space
- A designer who applies diversity of space, Islamic calligraphy, floral, and geometric patterns can create a space that delivers the viewer to an instinctive perception of convergence where spiritual and material life comes into contact.
Levels of Prayer
- There are four levels of prayer: the individual (masjid), the congregation (jami), the total population of a town (musalla), and the entire Muslim world (idgah).
Types of Mosques
- A Masjid is a general term for a mosque, used for daily prayer by individuals or small groups, with a Mihrab.
- A Jami is a congregational or Friday Mosque, used for the main weekly service, usually larger than a Masjid, and provided with a Mihrab and Minbar.
- A Musalla is a space apart from a mosque, mainly used for prayer in Islam, derived from the verb "to pray".
- An Idgah is a great open praying area with a Mihrab, used for community prayer.
Caliphates of Islam
- The Caliphate of Umayyad is one of the two major caliphates of Islam.
- The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750) marks the earliest Islamic architecture, with the political center of Islam moving from Mecca to Damascus, and the construction of new mosques, palaces, and government buildings.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Islamic architecture terms such as Minaret, Muezzin, Iwan, and Minbar. Learn about the significance and functions of these architectural elements in Islamic culture and religion.
