Islamic Architecture: Evolution of Minarets
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Questions and Answers

What architectural element is strongly associated with Persian architecture?

  • External staircase
  • Hypostyle hall
  • Iwan (correct)
  • Spiral staircase

In which mosque can you find a spiral minaret?

  • Al-Azhar Mosque
  • Great Mosque of Samarra
  • Great Mosque of Isfahan
  • Abu Dulaf Mosque (correct)

Which mosque's complex plan is better preserved?

  • Great Mosque of Samarra
  • Abu Dulaf Mosque (correct)
  • Great Mosque of Isfahan
  • Sultan Hassan Mosque

What architectural form emerged in the 11th century as a new form of mosque design?

<p>Four-iwan mosque (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where was the iwan originally developed?

<p>Iran (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mosque became the new congregational mosque, briefly serving the Great Mosque in Samarra?

<p>Abu Dulaf Mosque (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the height of the Abu Dulaf spiral minaret?

<p>32 meters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mosque is associated with the Four-Iwan design?

<p>Great Mosque of Isfahan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of architecture was used in the Islamic era for monumental buildings?

<p>Iwan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of base does the Abu Dulaf spiral minaret have?

<p>Square base (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Persian Architecture Feature

A prominent architectural element in Persian architecture, typically a vaulted hall or gateway.

Spiral Minaret Location

The Abu Dulaf Mosque features a notable spiral minaret.

Better Preserved Mosque Complex

The Abu Dulaf Mosque's complex is better preserved than some others.

11th Century Mosque Design

The four-iwan mosque emerged as a new mosque design in the 11th century.

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Origin of Iwan

The iwan architectural form originated in Iran.

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Abu Dulaf Mosque's Role

Abu Dulaf Mosque briefly served as the congregation mosque replacing the Great Mosque of Samarra.

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Abu Dulaf Minaret Height

The spiral minaret of Abu Dulaf Mosque is 32 meters tall.

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Four-Iwan Mosque Example

The Great Mosque of Isfahan is a significant example of a four-iwan mosque.

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Islamic Monumental Building Form

Iwan architecture was commonly used in the Islamic era for monumental buildings.

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Abu Dulaf Minaret Base

The Abu Dulaf spiral minaret has a square base.

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Study Notes

Islamic Architecture

  • Minarets did not exist in the early periods of Islamic Architecture, and the call for prayer was recited from mosque roofs, city walls, and other surrounding buildings.
  • The first Mosque, "Quba Masjid", established during the era of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, didn't possess a minaret.
  • Minarets were first mentioned in the 8th century during the Ummayad Dynasty, and the first minarets were built in the Great Mosque of Damascus in Syria.
  • Minarets may have been derived from Greek watchtowers or church towers from the Great Church in Damascus.

Domes

  • Domes are hemispherical structures that appear as part of roofs and ceilings.
  • They can stand upon a rotunda structure, a drum, or a system of interlocking pendentives.
  • The characteristic feature of domes is the acanthus leaves that enclose the circular body of the capital, with tendrils reaching up to the corners of the concave architrave.

Hypostyle Mosques

  • The hypostyle mosque is a type of mosque that spread widely throughout Islamic lands, inspired by the house of the Prophet Muhammad.
  • A hypostyle mosque is characterized by a prayer hall made up of rows created by vertical support beams or columns.
  • The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus (709-715 CE) is an example of a hypostyle mosque, built on a religious site dating back to an ancient Aramaic temple.
  • The Great Mosque of Samarra is another example of a hypostyle mosque, with a similar structure to the Mosque of Abu Dulaf.

Four-Iwan Mosques

  • The 11th century saw the emergence of the four-iwan mosque, characterized by a vaulted space that opens on one side to a courtyard.
  • The iwan developed in pre-Islamic Iran, where it was used in monumental and imperial architecture.
  • Examples of four-iwan mosques include the Great Mosque of Isfahan, Al-Azhar Mosque, and Sultan Hassan Mosque.

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Description

Explore the evolution of minarets in Islamic architecture, starting from the early periods when mosques were minaretless to the significance they hold today. Learn about famous architects like Mimar Sinan and Mimar Hayruddin in this exploration of mosque design.

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