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Questions and Answers
The period from the first irrigation during sowing to the last before harvest is known as the base period.
The period from the first irrigation during sowing to the last before harvest is known as the base period.
True
Paleo irrigation refers to the watering of crops when they are fully grown.
Paleo irrigation refers to the watering of crops when they are fully grown.
False
Delta is the total depth of water required to raise a crop over a unit area of land.
Delta is the total depth of water required to raise a crop over a unit area of land.
True
All spillways are classified into two types only: overfall and side channel.
All spillways are classified into two types only: overfall and side channel.
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The hydrologic cycle consists of three key components.
The hydrologic cycle consists of three key components.
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Steady flow and unsteady flow are basic categories for classifying the flow of water in a conduit.
Steady flow and unsteady flow are basic categories for classifying the flow of water in a conduit.
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Urban flooding is one of the several types of flooding described in the content.
Urban flooding is one of the several types of flooding described in the content.
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Turbulent flow is the opposite of laminar flow.
Turbulent flow is the opposite of laminar flow.
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Traffic engineering is considered the same as transportation engineering.
Traffic engineering is considered the same as transportation engineering.
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Regulatory signs typically have a rectangular shape with a black legend on a white background.
Regulatory signs typically have a rectangular shape with a black legend on a white background.
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Warning signs are usually triangular with a red legend on a white background.
Warning signs are usually triangular with a red legend on a white background.
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Guide signs provide directions to travelers about routes, cities, and points of interest.
Guide signs provide directions to travelers about routes, cities, and points of interest.
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Traffic engineers only focus on designing automated street signals and do not consider traffic patterns.
Traffic engineers only focus on designing automated street signals and do not consider traffic patterns.
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Recreational and cultural signs use a blue background with white messages.
Recreational and cultural signs use a blue background with white messages.
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All regulatory signs are coded with a specific code to ensure easy recognition.
All regulatory signs are coded with a specific code to ensure easy recognition.
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Weight sensors are used for triggering right-turn signals during normal traffic.
Weight sensors are used for triggering right-turn signals during normal traffic.
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Construction and maintenance operation signs usually have white text on a blue background.
Construction and maintenance operation signs usually have white text on a blue background.
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Road markings are only applied to the road pavement and not on any other objects.
Road markings are only applied to the road pavement and not on any other objects.
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A standard parking space for cars is 2.5 meters by 5 meters.
A standard parking space for cars is 2.5 meters by 5 meters.
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Modern multi-storey car parks can operate fully mechanically using robots.
Modern multi-storey car parks can operate fully mechanically using robots.
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Pavement edge lines are categorized as centerline of the carriageway.
Pavement edge lines are categorized as centerline of the carriageway.
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The space required for a bicycle parking ranges from 1.4 to 1.8 square meters.
The space required for a bicycle parking ranges from 1.4 to 1.8 square meters.
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Angle parking is preferred in areas where space for parking is open and unrestricted.
Angle parking is preferred in areas where space for parking is open and unrestricted.
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Street lighting is essential for helping road users to see only their immediate surroundings clearly.
Street lighting is essential for helping road users to see only their immediate surroundings clearly.
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Road traffic leads to environmental effects such as air pollution and visual intrusion.
Road traffic leads to environmental effects such as air pollution and visual intrusion.
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Highway engineering solely focuses on the construction of highways.
Highway engineering solely focuses on the construction of highways.
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The Philippine Highway Network includes primary, secondary, and tertiary classifications of roads.
The Philippine Highway Network includes primary, secondary, and tertiary classifications of roads.
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The sight distance required for safe operation on highways is irrelevant to the design of vertical curves.
The sight distance required for safe operation on highways is irrelevant to the design of vertical curves.
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The national roads connecting major cities in the Philippines are designated with numbers from N1 to N100.
The national roads connecting major cities in the Philippines are designated with numbers from N1 to N100.
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Highway pavements and foundations are unique aspects of highway engineering.
Highway pavements and foundations are unique aspects of highway engineering.
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Severance is one of the environmental effects that road traffic can cause.
Severance is one of the environmental effects that road traffic can cause.
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Buildings, slopes, and fences do not need to consider sight distance when constructed near highways.
Buildings, slopes, and fences do not need to consider sight distance when constructed near highways.
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Air transport can provide relief and rescue operations during natural and man-made calamities.
Air transport can provide relief and rescue operations during natural and man-made calamities.
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Accessibility to remote areas in the Philippines is primarily achieved through road transport.
Accessibility to remote areas in the Philippines is primarily achieved through road transport.
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Air travel is considered less safe than road transport due to technological advancements.
Air travel is considered less safe than road transport due to technological advancements.
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Water transport requires significant infrastructure investment like roads and railways.
Water transport requires significant infrastructure investment like roads and railways.
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A harbor is a place specifically designed for loading and unloading ships.
A harbor is a place specifically designed for loading and unloading ships.
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Wet docks are regulated by external tide actions.
Wet docks are regulated by external tide actions.
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Dry docks allow ships to be repaired while fully submerged in water.
Dry docks allow ships to be repaired while fully submerged in water.
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In previous eras, it was common for people to travel from India to the U.K by air.
In previous eras, it was common for people to travel from India to the U.K by air.
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Evaporation is solely the process of water molecules leaving a living plant.
Evaporation is solely the process of water molecules leaving a living plant.
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Transpiration varies greatly in dry areas due to the root depth of plants.
Transpiration varies greatly in dry areas due to the root depth of plants.
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Hydraulic Engineers are responsible for managing the flow of air in cities.
Hydraulic Engineers are responsible for managing the flow of air in cities.
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Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by air on a submerged object.
Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by air on a submerged object.
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Discharge is measured in units of volume per unit time, commonly cubic meters per second.
Discharge is measured in units of volume per unit time, commonly cubic meters per second.
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A flood is defined as a body of water rising and overflowing land that is usually covered in water.
A flood is defined as a body of water rising and overflowing land that is usually covered in water.
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Short-term flood management measures are designed to provide quick relief during a flood event.
Short-term flood management measures are designed to provide quick relief during a flood event.
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Embankments are built along high-level banks to prevent flooding.
Embankments are built along high-level banks to prevent flooding.
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Study Notes
Water Resources Engineering
- Water resources engineering focuses on water use for modern needs (agriculture, industry, domestic, recreation, environment).
- Water is found in the atmosphere, oceans, land, and soil.
- Solar energy drives water movement between these locations.
- The hydrologic cycle describes water's continuous circulation (evaporation, precipitation).
- Precipitation includes rainfall, snowfall, hail, frost, and dew.
- Runoff is water flowing over land after a storm.
- A watershed is the area contributing to a river's flow.
- Reservoirs are artificial or natural water bodies for storage.
- Evapotranspiration combines evaporation and transpiration (water loss from plants).
- Evapotranspiration depends on factors like rainfall, root depth, and growing seasons.
- Hydraulic engineers design waterways, dams, and other water-control structures.
- Buoyancy is an uplifting force exerted by water on submerged objects.
- Discharge (Q) is the rate of water flow (e.g., cubic feet per second).
Flood Control
- A flood is a large flow of water that overflows land, often causing damage.
- Flood control involves measures to reduce flood impacts.
- Short-term measures provide quick relief:
- Embankments along low-lying banks
- Raised platforms for temporary shelters.
- Pumps to dewater flooded areas if gravity drainage is impossible.
- Long-term measures aim for sustained effectiveness:
- Storage reservoirs to moderate peak flow.
- Watershed management (reducing runoff and erosion in hilly areas).
- Flood forecasting and warning systems.
- Spillways on dams for releasing excess water.
Irrigation
- Irrigation artificially provides water to crops, particularly in arid areas or during dry spells.
- Irrigation increases crop yields and reduces the risk of famine.
- Water requirements vary by crop, climate, and soil type.
- Irrigation is crucial for agricultural productivity.
- Different irrigation methods exist (e.g., using channels or controlled crests).
Transportation Engineering
- Transportation engineering is about efficiently moving people and goods.
- It uses scientific and technological principles for planning, designing, operating, and maintaining transport systems.
- Transportation benefits the economy by:
- Transporting natural resources.
- Enabling access to various places (place utility).
- Reducing travel time (time utility).
- Maintaining the quality of perishable goods.
- Reducing the cost of goods.
- Promoting agriculture & tourism.
- Common transport modes include roads, railways, airways, and waterways.
Traffic Engineering
- Traffic engineering aims to manage traffic flow efficiently and safely.
- Traffic signs (regulatory, warning, guide, and service) are crucial.
- Traffic engineering involves:
- Developing optimal traffic patterns.
- Managing traffic lights and signals.
- Design and construction of roads and highways.
- Optimizing pedestrian walkways.
- Parking space requirements depend on vehicle type (car, bike, etc.)
Highway Engineering
- Highway engineering is planning, constructing, and maintaining highways for vehicles.
- Highway design includes pavements, foundations, and interchanges.
- Philippine highway network (class types) consists of various interconnected roads.
- Sight distance is important for safe driving.
Railway Engineering
- Railway engineering focuses on railways' planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance.
- Railway transportation advantages include:
- High capacity for goods.
- Lower energy use per unit of load compared to some modes.
- Relatively lower chance of accidents compared to some modes.
- Advances in technology improve efficiency and safety of railway operation.
Air Transportation
- Air transport is fast, crucial for tourism, international trade, and military operations.
- Air transport is advantageous for perishable items.
- Air transport is increasingly vital for emergency response to disasters and calamities.
Water Transportation
- Water transportation is cost-effective and suitable for large volumes of goods.
- Water transport facilities like ports and docks are important.
- Port facilities such as harbors, docks, and cargo handling types are essential.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts related to irrigation practices and traffic engineering. This quiz covers topics such as irrigation periods, types of flow, and the characteristics of various traffic signs. Challenge yourself with these important aspects of hydrology and transportation!
