Irrigation and Traffic Engineering Concepts

The time duration from the first irrigation during sowing to the last irrigation before harvest.

The total time required for a crop to mature, from sowing to harvesting.

Watering the soil before sowing to prepare it for planting.

The first and usually the largest watering given to a crop when the plants are young.

The total amount of water required to raise a crop over a unit area of land.

Smooth, orderly flow of water where particles move in parallel layers without mixing.

Chaotic, irregular flow of water where particles mix and move in random directions.

Water flow with constant velocity and discharge over time.

The process where liquid water changes into vapor, driven by wind and solar radiation, returning to the atmosphere.

The process where plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves, specifically through tiny openings called stomata.

The combined process of evaporation from water and land surfaces and transpiration from plants.

The upward force exerted by a fluid (like water) on an object submerged in it.

The volume of water flowing through a specific point in a channel or river per unit time.

A high volume of water overflowing onto land typically not submerged, causing damage and disruption.

Measures taken to reduce the negative effects of flooding, such as damage and loss of property.

Structures built along riverbanks to prevent flooding by containing the water flow.

Efficient transport allows different areas to specialize in producing goods or services they're best at, leading to greater overall economic productivity.

Improved transport systems can lead to the growth of cities, as they make it easier for people to live and work in urban areas.

The field of managing traffic flow effectively to ensure safety and smooth movement of vehicles.

Traffic signs that give drivers instructions or rules, such as stop signs, yield signs, and speed limits.

Traffic signs that alert drivers to potential dangers ahead, such as curves, intersections, or slippery roads.

Traffic signs that provide directions and information about routes, destinations, and points of interest.

Traffic signs that indicate areas of interest for recreation or cultural experiences, such as parks, forests, or historical sites.

Regulatory signs are usually rectangular with a black legend on a white background.

Signs used during construction or maintenance operations, typically with black text on an orange background.

Different types of markings on the road surface, including centerlines, lane markings, stop lines, pedestrian crossings, and parking-related markings.

A line in the middle of the road, separating opposing traffic lanes.

Lines separating different traffic lanes in the same direction.

A line that indicates where vehicles must stop before proceeding through an intersection.

Different space requirements for vehicles, including cars, motorcycles, bicycles, and commercial vehicles.

Parking a vehicle alongside the curb, with the car facing the same direction as other parked cars.

Illumination of roads and surrounding areas to enhance visibility for road users.

Air transportation is vital for providing aid and rescuing people during natural disasters and emergencies because it allows for quick access to affected areas.

Air travel is crucial in countries like the Philippines, where many islands are only reachable by air due to difficult terrain.

Air transport is considered safer than road or rail travel due to advanced technology and strict regulations for aircraft and pilots.

Water transportation is economically efficient because it doesn't require the construction of roads or railways, making it relatively cheap.

What kind of facility handles the transition of goods and people between land and water transportation?

What provides a safe shelter for ships, protecting them from rough weather?

What is an artificial structure designed for receiving ships, loading, and unloading cargo?

What is the difference between a wet dock, which maintains a stable water level, and a dry dock, which allows for ships to be fully submerged or completely drained for repairs?

Traffic negatively impacts the environment through various means, including air pollution, noise, vibrations, visual intrusion, and severance.

A branch of engineering focused on planning, designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining highways, including unique aspects like pavement and foundation design for these roads.

The system of national roads in the Philippines, managed by the Department of Public Works and Highways, categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary roads based on their function.

The distance a driver can see ahead, whether stationary or moving objects, at a specific height above the road surface, crucial for safe driving.

Roads in the Philippine highway network that connect major cities, often numbered N1 to N82, and are mostly single or dual carriageways.

Roads in the Philippine highway network serving as feeder roads to national primary roads, often connecting smaller cities and towns to the main network.

Roads in the Philippine highway network serving as access roads for rural communities, often connecting local areas to the secondary roads.

Sight distance is crucial in designing highway curves, as it ensures safe operation by allowing drivers to see obstacles well in advance.