Iron Deficiency Anemia MCQs and MEQs

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Questions and Answers

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a low serum ferritin level. Which of the following is the most likely cause of their anemia?

  • Iron deficiency (correct)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Folic acid deficiency
  • Erythropoietin deficiency

Which of the following medications is most likely to be prescribed for a patient with iron deficiency anemia who is unable to tolerate oral iron supplements?

  • Ferrous sulfate
  • Iron dextran (correct)
  • Ferrous fumarate
  • Ferrous gluconate

A patient presents with megaloblastic anemia and a history of gastrectomy. What is the most likely cause of their anemia?

  • Iron deficiency
  • Erythropoietin deficiency
  • Folic acid deficiency
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency (correct)

Which of the following conditions is most likely to require lifelong vitamin B12 supplementation?

<p>Pernicious anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common gastrointestinal side effect of oral iron therapy?

<p>Hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is known to increase iron absorption?

<p>Vitamin C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with acute iron toxicity. Which of the following medications would be administered to treat this condition?

<p>Desferrioxamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indication for parenteral iron therapy?

<p>Intolerance to oral iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Common cause of chronic anemia

The most prevalent reason for chronic anemia is iron deficiency.

Absorbed form of iron

The form of iron primarily absorbed in the intestine is ferrous iron (Fe²+).

Factors increasing iron absorption

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron in the body.

Oral iron preparations

Ferrous sulfate, gluconate, and fumarate are examples, but iron dextran is not.

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Gastrointestinal side effect of oral iron therapy

Common side effect of oral iron therapy includes constipation.

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Parenteral iron preparation

Iron dextran is an example of a parenteral iron preparation used for treatment.

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Cause of vitamin B12 deficiency

Pernicious anemia is a common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor.

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Treatment for acute iron toxicity

Desferrioxamine is used as an antidote for acute iron toxicity.

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Study Notes

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  • Common cause of chronic anemia: Iron deficiency
  • Absorbed iron form: Ferrous iron (Fe²⁺)
  • Factors increasing iron absorption: Vitamin C, antacids
  • Oral iron preparations: Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate (Iron dextran is parenteral)
  • Side effect of oral iron: Constipation
  • Parenteral iron preparation: Iron dextran
  • Cause of vitamin B12 deficiency: Pernicious anemia
  • Drug for acute iron toxicity: Desferrioxamine
  • Lifelong vitamin B12 supplementation: Pernicious anemia
  • Contraindication for parenteral iron therapy: No intolerance to oral iron.
  • Indications for parenteral iron therapy: Intolerance to oral iron, Malabsorption syndrome, Hemolytic anemia, and chronic blood loss.

Modified Essay Questions (MEQs)

  • Case 1 (35-year-old woman): Low hemoglobin and serum ferritin indicate possible iron deficiency anemia.
  • Possible causes of iron deficiency: Dietary factors, blood loss, or malabsorption
  • Case 2 (50-year-old man): Gastrectomy & megaloblastic anemia likely cause is Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Diagnosis Confirmation: Blood tests, possibly a Vitamin B₁₂ absorption test.
  • Treatment approach: Vitamin B12 replacement therapy.
  • Case 3 (4-year-old child): Iron overdose likely diagnosis
  • Complications: Severe internal bleeding, poisoning
  • Treatment: Immediate medical intervention, chelation therapy to prevent absorption.
  • Case 4 (pregnant woman): Iron deficiency during pregnancy can cause various complications for the mother and fetus.
  • Why iron is important during pregnancy: Fetal development & preventing complications such as anemia are important.
  • Treatment options: Oral iron supplements
  • Side effects: constipation, nausea.
  • Case 5 (65-year-old man): Kidney disease with low erythropoietin levels.
  • Underlying cause: Kidney disease affecting erythropoietin production.
  • Pharmacological treatment: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs)
  • Treatment options: ESAs to stimulate production of red blood cells.
  • Side effects: Hypertension, cardiovascular issues.

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