Iron Deficiency Anemia Causes and Symptoms

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What defines anemia in women who are not pregnant?

Hemoglobin less than 12 grams per deciliter (correct)

Hemoglobin less than 13 grams per deciliter

Hematocrit less than 41%

Hematocrit less than 33%

Which condition could cause anemia during periods of rapid growth?

Inability to produce enough new blood cells (correct)

Increased destruction of white blood cells

Insufficient oxygen levels in the blood

Excessive production of red blood cells

What blood values are indicative of anemia in infants and children?

Hemoglobin less than 12 grams per deciliter

Hematocrit less than 35%

Hemoglobin less than 13 grams per deciliter

Hematocrit less than 33% (correct)

Which of the following can contribute to the low red blood cell count in anemia?

Blood loss from menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bone marrow in the context of anemia?

Producing enough new blood cells to prevent anemia Signup and view all the answers

In which group is anemia diagnosed with a hematocrit less than 41%?

Men Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is often related to renal disease or chronic kidney disease due to the lack of erythropoietin production?

Anemia of chronic disease Signup and view all the answers

What type of anemia is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells causing the anemia?

Hemolytic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with craving ice in individuals with anemia?

Pica Signup and view all the answers

What is often found in individuals with iron deficiency anemia and is characterized by cracks in the corners of the mouth?

Angular cheilitis Signup and view all the answers

What would be the most likely cause if a patient has a ferritin level greater than 100?

Anemia of chronic disease Signup and view all the answers

When the hematocrit is less than 25% or the hemoglobin is less than seven grams per deciliter, what symptom is likely to be noticed?

Pallor Signup and view all the answers

Which lab value would be decreased in iron deficiency anemia compared to anemia of chronic disease?

Serum iron Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia in infants and children?

Fill up on milk and lack iron-rich foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for iron supplementation in children under 12 years of age?

Taking ferrous sulfate every other day on an empty stomach Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to recheck labs at one month and then every six months for one year after starting treatment for iron deficiency anemia?

To track the long-term effectiveness of treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of iron deficiency anemia in older adults?

Decreased quality of life Signup and view all the answers

Which form of iron supplementation is preferred by some individuals due to its once daily dosage?

Ferrous fumarate given once daily Signup and view all the answers

What can be added to oral iron supplements to enhance absorption?

$1000 daily dose of vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Why should oral iron supplements be taken on an empty stomach?

To improve absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of taking oral iron supplements with food instead of on an empty stomach?

Poor absorption and no improvement in levels Signup and view all the answers

Why do adolescents need increased amounts of dietary iron-rich foods?

Due to rapid growth and increased need for blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What advice should be given to parents regarding cow's milk consumption in children under 12 years of age?

Limit cow's milk to 20 ounces per day and assess diet for iron-rich foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical recommended dose of Vitamin B12 for treatment of deficiency anemia?

1,000 micrograms given intramuscularly every day for five days Signup and view all the answers

In patients with coronary artery disease, what is the typical hemoglobin level when blood transfusions are most often indicated?

8 to 9 grams per deciliter Signup and view all the answers

Which form of IV iron is dosed at 125 milligrams in a 100 milliliter infusion given once a week for eight weeks?

Ferrlecit Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment plan for patients with Vitamin B12 deficiency after the initial daily doses?

Once weekly for four weeks, then monthly Signup and view all the answers

In patients with iron malabsorption, why is IV iron replacement preferred over oral forms?

IV forms allow better absorption in malabsorption cases Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is necessary for the absorption of oral vitamin B12?

Intrinsic factor Signup and view all the answers

For patients with inflammatory bowel disease or chronic blood loss, what is the potential issue with iron absorption?

Malabsorption of iron causing deficiency anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Vitamin B12 or folate-deficiency anemia in terms of red blood cell size and hemoglobin concentration?

Macrocytic and hyperchromic Signup and view all the answers

"Newer forms now, the Venofer iron sucrose is given as 100 milligram infusion, one to three times per week for five doses." Which form of IV iron is this statement referring to?

Venofer iron sucrose Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind lead intoxication being more common in people with iron deficiency anemia?

Increased absorption of lead from the GI tract due to upregulation of the transporter in iron deficiency anemia. Signup and view all the answers

Why do some children with pica who have iron deficiency anemia end up ingesting lead?

They have a craving for substances other than food and may eat paint chips that contain lead. Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms associated with lead intoxication in children at very high levels?

Vomiting, agitation, somnolence, incoordination, and confusion. Signup and view all the answers

Why is routine childhood screening important for the management of lead intoxication?

To identify and eliminate sources of lead ingestion early on. Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated when a child's lead level is greater than or equal to 20 micrograms per deciliter?

Long bone x-rays and abdominal x-rays. Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory value range is considered mild elevation for lead intoxication?

5-9 micrograms per deciliter. Signup and view all the answers

Why should a child's lab values be repeated in three months if they have a mild elevation in lead levels?

To monitor if the levels are decreasing after education and intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chelation therapy in managing lead intoxication?

To bind and remove lead from the blood through IV infusion. Signup and view all the answers

Why are refugee children considered to be at higher risk for lead intoxication?

Due to potential exposure to environmental substances containing lead. Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible symptom of children with pica who may ingest paint chips due to iron deficiency anemia?

Craving substances other than food. Signup and view all the answers