Iron Deficiency Anaemia
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Questions and Answers

Which type of anaemia is the most common worldwide?

  • Iron deficiency anaemia (correct)
  • Folate deficiency anaemia
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia
  • Sickle cell anaemia

What is the main reason for inadequate dietary intake of iron in both developing and developed countries?

  • Excessive meat consumption
  • Lack of fortified foods
  • Predominantly vegetable diet (correct)
  • Poor appetite

Which of the following conditions can contribute to increased iron loss?

  • Menorrhagia (correct)
  • Gastrointestinal problems
  • Excessive iron intake
  • Sedentary lifestyle

In which type of countries is hookworm infection commonly associated with iron deficiency anaemia?

<p>Developing countries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of iron-deficiency anemia in children?

<p>Pallor of mucous membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people is at increased risk of developing iron deficiency anemia?

<p>Vegans or vegetarians (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an iron-rich food that can help prevent iron deficiency anemia?

<p>Spinach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iron is found in red and organ meats, poultry, and fish?

<p>Haem iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iron is found in cereals, green leafy vegetables, and beans?

<p>Non-haem iron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of hepcidin in iron metabolism?

<p>Regulating iron release from macrophages and enterocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein facilitates the export of iron from the duodenal epithelial cell into the bloodstream?

<p>Ferroportin 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of plasma transferrin in the iron absorption pathway?

<p>Transporting iron from the duodenal epithelial cell to the blood capillary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased hepcidin levels on iron availability?

<p>Decreased availability of iron for absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of iron is absorbed at a higher rate in the body?

<p>Fe2+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can increase the absorption of iron?

<p>Low Fe status, pregnancy, animal foods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can decrease the absorption of iron?

<p>Phytate, calcium, some phenolic compounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hepcidin regulate iron absorption in the body?

<p>By inhibiting iron transport across the intestinal epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased hepcidin levels on iron availability?

<p>Improved iron utilization by erythrocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with ineffective erythropoiesis?

<p>Increased iron absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors can decrease the absorption of iron?

<p>Phytates (whole wheat), tea, coffee, milk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to decreased iron absorption due to impaired production of red blood cells?

<p>Decreased erythropoiesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of iron in ferritin?

<p>20% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein-iron complex is visible as blue granules in macrophages after reaction with Pearl's/Prussian stain?

<p>Hemosiderin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein-iron complex is water-soluble and not visible in microscopy?

<p>Ferritin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein-iron complex serves as the primary storage form of iron in the body?

<p>Ferritin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of iron deficiency anaemia?

<p>Decreased immune function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which marker is reduced in iron deficiency due to depleted iron stores?

<p>Serum ferritin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT the causes of insufficient Fe for synthesis of haemoglobin and other Fe-containing proteins.

<p>Increase psychomotor and mental development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which investigations are commonly performed to assess iron deficiency?

<p>FBC, blood film, serum iron, serum ferritin, and TIBC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of iron deficiency?

<p>Presence of depleted iron stores with or without functional or health impairment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management approach for iron deficiency?

<p>Treatment of the underlying cause and iron supplementation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does iron deficiency anemia occur?

<p>When there is inadequate iron for hemoglobin synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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