Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a primary focus of the First Programme for Economic Expansion from 1959 to 1964?
What was a primary focus of the First Programme for Economic Expansion from 1959 to 1964?
Which economic agreement guaranteed Irish industrial goods tariff-free access to British markets?
Which economic agreement guaranteed Irish industrial goods tariff-free access to British markets?
What change occurred in 1958 that significantly impacted the manufacturing sector in Ireland?
What change occurred in 1958 that significantly impacted the manufacturing sector in Ireland?
How did the Industrial Development Authority (IDA) change in the early 1960s?
How did the Industrial Development Authority (IDA) change in the early 1960s?
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What was one of the educational reforms implemented in the 1960s in Ireland?
What was one of the educational reforms implemented in the 1960s in Ireland?
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What percentage of the Irish workforce was employed in industry according to the Census of Production in 1907?
What percentage of the Irish workforce was employed in industry according to the Census of Production in 1907?
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Which industry was NOT mentioned as successful during the early development of Irish business?
Which industry was NOT mentioned as successful during the early development of Irish business?
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Which policy was adopted by Fianna Fáil when they gained power in 1932?
Which policy was adopted by Fianna Fáil when they gained power in 1932?
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What was a significant effect of the Economic War in the 1930s between Ireland and Britain?
What was a significant effect of the Economic War in the 1930s between Ireland and Britain?
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What was the role of the Industrial Development Authority (IDA) established in 1949?
What was the role of the Industrial Development Authority (IDA) established in 1949?
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Which act required that more than half of the equity in new companies be Irish owned?
Which act required that more than half of the equity in new companies be Irish owned?
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What was a primary consequence of the establishment of semi-state bodies like Aer Lingus during the protectionist policy?
What was a primary consequence of the establishment of semi-state bodies like Aer Lingus during the protectionist policy?
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Which of the following was a measure introduced in 1956 to promote foreign investment in Ireland?
Which of the following was a measure introduced in 1956 to promote foreign investment in Ireland?
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Study Notes
Irish Business Development
- 1907 Census of Production: 20% industrially employed, 50% agriculturally
- Companies in linen, shipbuilding, brewing, and distilling were successful
- Post-1922, Ireland lost industrial activity (particularly in Belfast)
- Continued as economically independent, but utilized British currency
- Agriculture dominated (over 50% of employment)
- Very conservative government approach (minimal state intervention)
- Notable advancements: ESB, Shannon Scheme
- Little entrepreneurial activity, many chose civil service employment
- 1932, Fianna Fáil implemented self-sufficiency policies
- High tariffs on imported goods
- Encouraged car assembly and other new industries
- Control of Manufactures Act (1932): Irish ownership majority in new companies
- Economic War (1930s): strained relations with Britain, stop payment of land annuities
- Increased unemployment, emigration, and decreased farmer incomes
- Semi-state bodies (Aer Lingus, CIÉ, Industrial Credit Association, Bord na Móna) were created to boost Irish economy
- WWII: North benefited economically (shipbuilding)
- South struggled; 1949: IDA established to support and advise on industrial development and promotion of investment.
Underdeveloped Areas Act
- 1952 Act led to industrial spread to West & South
Free Trade and FDI
- 1950s: economic slump until free trade/foreign direct investment (FDI)
- Government encouraged export-oriented companies to invest in Ireland
- Export Profits Tax Relief Act (1956)
- 1959-64: Economic Expansion Programme
- Increased state expenditure on productive areas
- Focused on an export drive in agriculture and industry
- Encouraging FDI/foreign direct investment
Anglo-Irish Free Trade Area Agreement (AIFTAA)
- 1973: Ireland joined the EEC (EU)
- Irish industrial/agricultural goods guaranteed tariff-free access to British markets
- Irish store cattle received guaranteed market and butter import quotas to the British
Further Developments 1950-1970
- 1958: Control of Manufactures Act eased
- IDA shifted from civil service role to more active company involvement and stake-holding to meet its goals.
- 1960s: Reforms to education system (higher education) HEA (Higher Education Authority) established in 1969
- Early 1970s: IDA established its industrial estates.
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Description
This quiz explores the economic landscape of Ireland post-1922, focusing on the key sectors such as agriculture, linen, and brewing. It highlights significant governmental policies such as high tariffs and self-sufficiency that shaped the economy during the 1930s. Participants will gain insight into the impacts of the Economic War and the state’s cautious approach to industrial growth.
