IQ Testing and Intelligence Classification
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Questions and Answers

What does IQ primarily indicate?

  • Emotional intelligence levels
  • A person's intelligence level (correct)
  • Creativity and artistic skill
  • Physical fitness capabilities

Which of the following constitutes a category of intelligence assessed in IQ tests?

  • Logical (correct)
  • Musical
  • Interpersonal
  • Emotional

If a person has an IQ of 125, how would their intelligence be classified?

  • Average intelligence
  • Mental retardation
  • Borderline of normal intelligence
  • Above average intelligence (correct)

In the context of intelligence, what does mental age refer to?

<p>The psychological age corresponding to performance on intellectual tasks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the scoring of IQ?

<p>It is a ratio of mental age to chronological age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the classifications provided, which IQ range defines borderline normal intelligence and mental retardation?

<p>69 - 89 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of question in IQ tests assesses spatial intelligence?

<p>Pattern recognition questions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of IQ testing?

<p>Screening job and military applicants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What range of IQ is classified as moderate mental retardation?

<p>36 – 51 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes individuals with profound mental retardation?

<p>They require occupational therapy and cannot acquire vocational skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals classified as mildly mentally retarded can generally manage tasks equivalent to which age group?

<p>11 - 12 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is least likely to be performed by individuals with moderate mental retardation?

<p>Functional reading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding dementia?

<p>It describes a range of symptoms impacting everyday activities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum IQ level classified under mild mental retardation?

<p>67 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of mentally retarded individuals can expectations of learning basic skills be associated with?

<p>Moderately mentally retarded individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of vocational rehabilitation, which of the following is true for individuals with severe mental retardation?

<p>They require constant supervision for occupational therapy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes a primary strategy of first-level prevention?

<p>Eradicating malnutrition and promoting food distribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of second-level prevention?

<p>Providing adequate drugs and surgeries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus of third-level prevention?

<p>Health education and promotion of healthy habits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among the following, which group is specifically mentioned as part of the physically handicapped persons category?

<p>Persons with locomotor system impairments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is identified as a cause of disability related to lifestyle choices?

<p>Extreme alcohol consumption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary action is recommended for eradicating communicable diseases?

<p>Implementing widespread immunization programs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a significant outcome expected from vocational and educational counseling?

<p>Improvement in economic status of disabled individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for reducing accident rates as part of first-level prevention?

<p>Implementing strict laws against drunk driving (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly distinguishes between impairment, disability, and handicap?

<p>Impairment refers to structural problems, disability is a limitation in activities, and handicap is a disadvantage in fulfilling life roles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors that can influence the progression from disease to impairment to disability?

<p>Cognition, education, culture, psychological factors, physical environment, and financial status. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification does NOT describe disability based on its persistence?

<p>Condensed disability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of disability, what does 'acquired' refer to?

<p>A limitation that occurs later in life due to diseases or injuries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of disability results in advancing deterioration, leading to more severe limitations?

<p>Progressive disability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates a regressive disability?

<p>Restoration of limb functions after a stroke. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'temporary' in classification of disabilities imply?

<p>The condition is expected to improve or resolve after a period. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies being disabled without being handicapped?

<p>An individual with visual impairment who functions well in a bright environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of physiotherapy for individuals with dementia?

<p>To improve physical function and reduce the risk of falls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with dementia?

<p>Loss of vision and hearing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dementia is characterized by its occurrence following a stroke?

<p>Vascular dementia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended duration for aerobic exercise for dementia patients?

<p>30 minutes of exercise daily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a core mental function significantly impaired in dementia?

<p>Creativity and artistic expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention can provide a sense of accomplishment for patients with dementia?

<p>Aerobic and endurance exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of dementia cases is attributable to Alzheimer's disease?

<p>60 to 80 percent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is mentioned as potentially reversible and can cause dementia-like symptoms?

<p>Thyroid problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant danger that should be minimized in homes for individuals with Alzheimer's?

<p>Access to hazardous equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which appliance should be removed from bathroom and kitchen areas to reduce electrical shock risk?

<p>Electrical equipment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What modifications can make it easier for someone with dementia to manage toileting needs?

<p>Implementing anchored grab bars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can environmental modifications aid individuals with dementia in recognizing their space?

<p>Implementing high-contrast colors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which item should be kept in a safe location to prevent accidents in the kitchen?

<p>Knives and cooking implements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature can enhance safety during bathing for individuals with dementia?

<p>Non-skid mats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to assist a person with dementia in identifying household items?

<p>Adding labels and signs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be emphasized when making kitchen appliances safer for someone with cognitive impairments?

<p>Removing appliance knobs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Impairment

A problem with the structure or function of a body part.

Disability

A restriction in a person's ability to perform a specific activity.

Handicap

A disadvantage that prevents someone from participating fully in society.

Factors influencing disability

Factors like cognition, culture, and environment that influence how a person experiences disability.

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Temporary Disability

A disability that lasts for a limited time, like temporary paralysis after a stroke.

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Permanent Disability

A disability that lasts for a long time or permanently.

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Congenital Disability

A disability present from birth, often due to genetic or congenital factors.

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Acquired Disability

A disability acquired later in life due to diseases or injuries.

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First Level Disability Prevention

Actions taken to stop a disability from happening in the first place. Examples include reducing malnutrition, immunizations, and safe water access.

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Second Level Disability Prevention

Actions taken to reduce the impact of an existing disability. This includes providing treatments, rehabilitation, and surgeries.

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Third Level Disability Prevention

Actions taken to help people with disabilities participate fully in society. This includes providing support services, job training, and access to education.

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Disabilities due to Internal Systems Disorders

Disabilities that are caused by problems with the functioning of the body's systems, like heart disease or diabetes.

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Disabilities due to Locomotor System Impairments

Disabilities that arise from problems with the bones, muscles, or joints, like cerebral palsy or spinal cord injuries.

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Intelligence

The ability to process information, learn new things, and solve problems effectively.

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Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A measure of a person's intellectual abilities, typically expressed as a score.

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Mental Retardation

Mental abilities that are significantly below average, causing difficulties with learning, communication, and daily living.

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Average Intelligence

A person with an IQ score between 90-110 is considered to have average intelligence.

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Above Average Intelligence

An IQ score between 111-124 indicates above average intelligence.

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Superior Intelligence

An IQ score of 125 and above is considered superior intelligence.

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Borderline Intelligence

A person with an IQ score between 69-89 is considered to be at the borderline of normal intelligence and mental retardation.

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IQ Test

A way to assess intelligence by presenting a variety of questions designed to test different mental skills.

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Profound Mental Retardation

Individuals with IQs below 20, unable to learn, work, or care for themselves in basic daily tasks.

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Severe Mental Retardation

Individuals with IQs between 20-35, possessing limited abilities but require constant care and support.

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Moderate Mental Retardation

Individuals with IQs between 36-51, able to learn simple tasks but require supervised conditions for employment.

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Mild Mental Retardation

Individuals with IQs between 52-67, able to attend school but require special education and face challenges with everyday life.

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Dementia

A general term describing a decline in memory, thinking skills, problem-solving, and language abilities severe enough to impact daily life.

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What is Dementia?

A condition affecting cognitive abilities leading to a decline in memory, thinking, problem-solving, and language skills.

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Vocational Rehabilitation for Moderate Mental Retardation

Individuals with moderate mental retardation (IQ 36-51) can be trained and employed in sheltered environments.

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Vocational Rehabilitation for Mild Mental Retardation

Individuals with mild mental retardation (IQ 52-67) can be trained and employed in semi-skilled industrial work.

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Safety Concern for Dementia Patients

A person with dementia may not understand the difference between safe and unsafe areas.

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Locking Doors for Safety

Locking doors to areas like basements, garages, and tool sheds can prevent a dementia patient from accessing potentially dangerous areas.

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Removing Electrical Appliances

Removing electrical equipment from bathrooms and kitchens can help reduce the risk of electric shock.

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Securing Kitchen Utensils

Knives and cooking implements should be stored securely to prevent accidental injuries.

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Removing Cooking Appliance Knobs

Removing knobs from cooking appliances can help prevent accidental use.

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Grab Bars for Bathrooms

Grab bars in bathrooms help provide stability and support for those with limited mobility.

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Non-Slip Mats in Bathrooms

Non-slip mats in bathtubs and showers can help prevent falls and injuries.

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Color Contrast for Visual Aid

Using color contrast in rugs, flooring, and bedding can help with spatial awareness and depth perception.

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What is the most common type of dementia?

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases.

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What is the second most common type of dementia?

Vascular dementia, caused by a stroke, is the second most common type of dementia.

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What are the main symptoms of dementia?

Dementia is characterized by significant impairment in at least two core mental functions, including memory, communication, attention, reasoning, and visual perception.

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What are some specific challenges faced by people with dementia?

People with dementia may struggle with short-term memory, managing finances, meal preparation, remembering appointments, and navigating unfamiliar areas.

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What are the benefits of physiotherapy for someone with dementia?

Physical therapy can improve physical function, reduce fall risk, enhance mood, improve cardiovascular health, provide a sense of accomplishment, and aid in sleep improvement.

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What are some examples of cardio/endurance exercises beneficial for dementia patients?

Cardio/endurance exercises like walking, cycling, and swimming enhance the body's ability to deliver oxygen and nutrients, removing waste over prolonged periods.

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How does consistent exercise benefit someone with dementia?

Regular exercise can improve the person's ability to exercise and perform everyday tasks without getting winded and tired.

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How much cardio exercise is recommended for dementia patients?

It is recommended to engage in at least 30 minutes of cardio exercise daily, even if done in smaller 10-minute intervals.

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Study Notes

Disability Objectives

  • Students should be able to define impairment, identify disability, recognize causes of disability, define classification of disability, and define handicap by the end of the lecture.

Introduction

  • Disabled people represent a significant and critical social concern that cannot be overlooked.
  • The best support for disabled people is rehabilitation, which should be comprehensive, addressing all the needs of the individual.

Impairment

  • Impairment is defined as the loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure.
  • Impairments of organs or functions can constitute a disability.
  • Impairment encompasses abnormalities in body structure, appearance, and organ/system functioning, regardless of the cause.
  • Examples of impairments include blindness, deafness, limb amputations, and paralysis.

Disability

  • Disability is a restriction or lack of ability to perform normal daily living activities due to an impairment.
  • It's the functional consequence of an impairment.
  • Normal activity performance is judged against the standard of normality.

Handicap

  • Handicap is a social concept and a disadvantage.
  • It results from impairment or disability that restricts or prevents interaction with the physical and social environment.
  • Examples of handicaps include limitations to home, lack of public transport access, and social isolation.
  • A person can have an impairment without being disabled, and a person can be disabled without being handicapped.

Factors Influencing Disability

  • Factors that affect the progression from disease to impairment to disability include cognition, education, culture, psychological factors (gender, race, age), physical environment, and financial status.
  • For example, someone with visual impairment (retinopathy) may not be disabled in bright environments, but become disabled in dark or cluttered ones. Similarly, a stroke survivor might walk easily at home, but experience difficulty outdoors due to uneven surfaces.

Disability Classification

  • Persistence: Temporary or permanent disabilities (e.g., temporary paralysis following a stroke versus permanent blindness).
  • Time of onset: From birth due to hereditary/congenital factors or acquired later in life due to diseases or injuries.
  • Progression: Progressive (deteriorating and worsening, e.g., optic atrophy leading to blindness), or regressive (improving, e.g., limb function recovery after a stroke).

Causes of Disability

  • Various factors can cause disability, such as hereditary and congenital factors, diseases, malnutrition, injuries (traumas), and aging.

Disability Prevention

  • First level prevention: Eliminating malnutrition, controlling communicable diseases (e.g., eradicating smallpox), providing immunization against infectious diseases (e.g., polio, measles), and promoting prenatal care.
  • Second level prevention: Ensuring access to appropriate medications (e.g., for leprosy), and essential surgical interventions (e.g., cataract surgery).
  • Third level prevention: Providing rehabilitation, vocational training, and educational counseling services for disabled individuals. Improvements in disability incidence and severity are possible by 10-20%.

Categories of Handicapped Persons

  • Physically handicapped:
    • Locomotor impairments: Issues related to musculoskeletal system, including arthritis, fractures, myopathy, contractures, and amputations.
    • Internal system disorders: Conditions affecting internal body systems (e.g., chronic diseases like asthma, high blood pressure, ulcers, cancer).
  • Sensorily handicapped: Visual (e.g., cataracts, retinopathy) and hearing impairments.
  • Mentally handicapped:
    • Mentally retarded: Characterized by limitations in perception, memory, decision-making, judgment, reasoning, and problem-solving. Causes can include illness during childhood, head trauma, pregnancy/birth complications, heredity, or unknown factors. IQ scores are used to assess levels of mental retardation.
    • Mentally ill: Conditions resulting in emotional disturbances, behavioral issues, and impairment in daily life. These are often psychogenic, due to neurological changes, or a combination.
    • Epilepsy: A nervous disorder characterized by episodic brain function disruptions. Mental impacts are sometimes evident, especially in later stages.

Intelligence and Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

  • Intelligence measurement involves special psychological methods, with the result, referred to as IQ, a ratio of mental age to chronological age.
  • Intelligence tests measure cognitive ability
    • Analogies (verbal and mathematical), spatial reasoning, classification, and logical reasoning.
  • Measured IQ ranges include superior, above average, average, borderline, mild, moderate, severe, and profound mental retardation.

Dementia

  • Dementia is a general term for various symptoms of declining mental abilities (e.g., memory, language, problem-solving) severe enough to affect daily life.
  • Common types include Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia.
  • Specific cognitive functions that can be impacted in dementia include memory, communication (speech and language), focus, reasoning and judgment, and visual perception.
  • Daily tasks that may be challenging for someone with dementia include short-term memory, managing finances, meal preparation, appointment management, and leaving home.

Interventions in Dementia (Examples)

  • Physiotherapy: Improves physical function, reduces falls risk, lifts mood, improves cardiovascular health, provides enjoyable activities, and promotes better sleep. Exercises include aerobic/endurance, strength and resistance training, stretching, and balance training.
  • Occupational therapy: Modifies the environment (e.g., adding grab bars in bathrooms/removing cooking knobs in kitchens).

Vocational Rehab for Differently-abled

  • Vocational rehabilitation plays a role in training and employing differently abled people
  • It involves adapting training methods, work settings, and job requirements for individuals with specific needs and limitations.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of IQ testing and its classifications with this informative quiz. Delve into questions about mental age, various categories of intelligence, and the implications of different IQ scores. Perfect for anyone interested in psychology or education.

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