IPv4 Addressing Terminology

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'octet' refer to?

A specific IP address format

A type of network protocol

A network hardware component

An 8-bit portion of a 32 bit IPv4 address (correct)

What does prefix notation represent?

The subnet mask such as /6, /16, or /24.

What is dotted-decimal notation?

An address written from binary into decimal numbers separated by periods.

What are classful masks associated with?

Internet Protocol classes A, B, and C Signup and view all the answers

What are private IP addresses?

Hosts assigned within a non-public network address requiring NAT. Signup and view all the answers

What does APIPA stand for?

Automatic Private IP Addressing Signup and view all the answers

What is a default gateway?

Routes traffic from the sender's subnet toward the destination subnet. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Bootstrap Protocol do?

Assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateway information. Signup and view all the answers

What does DHCP mean?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Signup and view all the answers

What is Zeroconf?

A technology supporting link-local IP addressing and mDNS. Signup and view all the answers

What is a link-local IP address?

A non-routable IP address usable only on a local subnet. Signup and view all the answers

What are borrowed bits?

Bits added to a classful mask for subnetting. Signup and view all the answers

What is an interesting octet?

The octet containing the last 1 in the subnet mask. Signup and view all the answers

What is block size?

The increment counted by in the octet, calculated by subtracting subnet mask value from 256. Signup and view all the answers

What does CIDR stand for?

Classless Inter-Domain Routing Signup and view all the answers

What is a unicast?

Traffic that travels from a single device to a single destination device. Signup and view all the answers

What is broadcast traffic?

Traffic that travels from a single source to all destinations on a network. Signup and view all the answers

What is multicast?

Traffic sent from a single host to multiple specific destinations. Signup and view all the answers

What is anycast?

Assigning a single IPv6 address to multiple devices for nearest communication flow. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Networking Terms and Concepts

Octet: An 8-bit segment of a 32-bit IPv4 address.
Prefix Notation / Slash Notation: Denotes subnet mask size, indicated by "/#" where "#" counts the network bits. Example: Class B address with a mask of 255.255.0.0 is noted as /16.
Dotted-decimal Notation: Representation of addresses in decimal form with periods separating values. Example: 192.168.1.1 corresponds to binary 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001.
Classful Mask: Default subnet masks associated with address classes A, B, and C, defined in dotted-decimal format.
- Class A: 1-126, Mask: 255.0.0.0 (/8)
- Class B: 128-191, Mask: 255.255.0.0 (/16)
- Class C: 192-223, Mask: 255.255.255.0 (/24)
Private IP Addresses: IPs used within a private network that need NAT to access a wider network, allowing simultaneous use for numerous devices through a single public IP.
APIPA: Automatic Private IP Addressing, typically when a DHCP server is unavailable, assigns addresses from the range 169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255 (non-routable).
Default Gateway: A network node that routes traffic between the sender's subnet and other subnets.
Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP): An early protocol for automatic IP address assignment to diskless workstations, requiring a static database of MAC addresses.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): Automates the assignment of IP information from a defined range without needing MAC address configuration.
Zeroconf (Zero Configuration): Technology enabling automatic network configuration, covering:
- Link-local IP Address Assignment (APIPA)
- Name Resolution (mDNS - Multicast Domain Name Service)
- Service Location (e.g., SLP, SSDP, DNS-SD)
Link-local IP Address: Non-routable IPs valid only within the local subnet, exemplified by APIPA.
Borrowed Bits: Additional bits used when modifying a classful subnet mask, affecting subnet quantity and host capacity.
Interesting Octet: The octet in the subnet mask containing the last '1' bit.
Block Size: Determined by subtracting the subnet mask in the interesting octet from 256, indicating the counting increment in that octet.
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): A method to condense classful subnet masks and aggregate networks, enhancing routing efficiency through reduced advertisement size.
Unicast: The standard method of network traffic where data is sent from one device to a specific destination device.
Broadcast: Data transmission method where a single source sends information to all devices across a network.
Multicast: Enables one host to send data to multiple specified devices simultaneously.
Anycast: A communication method in which a single IPv6 address is assigned to multiple devices, allowing routers to deliver packets to the nearest designated device.

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Test your knowledge on fundamental IPv4 addressing terms such as 'Octet' and 'Prefix Notation.' This quiz covers key concepts essential for understanding subnetting and network masking. Challenge yourself and deepen your understanding of networking terminology.