Questions and Answers
What are IP Addressing Schemes?
The combination of an IP address and subnet mask that describes a network ID and a host ID, and different configurations to suit various network types and sizes.
What mechanisms does IPv4 use to communicate with other hosts?
What is the broadcast address of a subnet?
The address where all host bits are set to 1.
What did the classful addressing scheme allocate?
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How many hosts can a Class A network address support?
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What is the range for Class A IP addresses?
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What binary pattern do Class A networks start with?
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The loopback address 127.0.0.0 can be assigned to ordinary hosts.
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What are Class D addresses used for?
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What are private network addresses based on?
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Class A private addresses range from ______
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APIPA uses the range ______
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Class B private addresses range from ______
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Class C private addresses range from ______
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What is the benefit of using private IP addresses for organizations?
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How can internet access be facilitated for hosts using a private addressing scheme?
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What is meant by creating subnets?
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Study Notes
IP Addressing Schemes
- An IP address combined with a subnet mask identifies both network ID and host ID.
- Different addressing schemes configure IP addresses to accommodate various network types and sizes.
Broadcast, Multicast, and Unicast
- Unicast packets address a single host.
- Broadcast packets target all hosts on a local subnetwork.
- Multicast packets are used to communicate with a specific group of computers.
Broadcast Address
- The broadcast address of a subnet has all host bits set to 1.
- Multicast communication requires specially configured routers and protocols.
Classful Addressing
- Classful addressing was prominent in the 1980s before subnet masks became common.
- The first octet of an IP address determines the network ID and class (A, B, or C).
Class A, B, and C Networks
- Class A supports over 16 million hosts with only 126 available networks.
- Class B accommodates approximately 65,000 hosts across 16,000 networks.
- Class C allows for 254 hosts per network, with over 2 million networks available.
Address Class Identification
- Addresses identified by the first octet:
- Class A: 1-127
- Class B: 128-191
- Class C: 192-223
Binary Classification of Address Classes
- Class A networks begin with a binary 0.
- Class B networks start with binary 10.
- Class C networks initiate with binary 110.
Loopback Address
- 127.0.0.0 is designated for the loopback address, verifying TCP/IP installation.
Class D and E Addresses
- Class D (224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255) is used for multicasting.
- Class E (240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255) is reserved for experimental purposes.
Private Addressing
- Private networks utilize private addressing to allocate IP addresses.
Non-Routable Private Address Ranges
- RFC 1918 defines ranges for private use:
- 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (Class A)
- 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 (link-local)
- 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (Class B)
- 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (Class C)
Private Address Classifications
- Class A private addresses are 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255.
- Link-local autoconfiguration uses 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255.
- Class B private range spans 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255.
- Class C private range is from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.
Use of Private Addresses
- Organizations can employ private addresses on LANs without registration.
- Multiple organizations can use the same private ranges simultaneously.
Internet Access for Private Hosts
- Hosts can access the internet via:
- A router employing NAT to translate between public and private addresses.
- A proxy server that handles internet requests on behalf of clients.
Creating Subnets
- Organizations can create subnets to logically group different parts of their networks.
- Subnetting helps manage network resources efficiently and maintain security.
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Description
This quiz provides flashcards for understanding IP addressing schemes, including concepts like network ID and host ID through IP addresses and subnet masks. Explore different communication methods in IPv4 such as broadcast, multicast, and unicast to enhance your networking knowledge.
