2.2.7 Decimal to Binary Conversion (IP Addressing)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for converting IP addresses between decimal and binary forms?

  • To reduce the size of IP address packets.
  • To optimize network routing protocols.
  • To make IP addresses easier for humans to remember.
  • Computers process and transmit data in binary, while humans use decimal notation. (correct)

What is the range of each decimal number within a dotted decimal IP address?

  • 0 to 255 (correct)
  • 0 to 127
  • 1 to 100
  • 1 to 256

How many bits are in a complete IP address when represented in binary?

  • 16 bits
  • 64 bits
  • 128 bits
  • 32 bits (correct)

What does the term 'octet' refer to in the context of IP addresses?

<p>A set of eight bits (a byte). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the decimal value associated with a binary '1' in the first position (leftmost) of an octet?

<p>128 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the decimal to binary conversion process, what action is taken if the decimal number is smaller than the binary position value?

<p>Write '0' in the binary value column and proceed to the next position. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the decimal to binary conversion process, what should you do if the decimal number is larger or equal to the binary position value?

<p>Subtract the binary position value from the decimal number and add '1' in the binary value column. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After determining that the decimal number is larger or equal to the binary position value and the binary position value has been subtracted, what is the next step in the conversion process?

<p>Move to the next binary position and repeat the comparison. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When converting the decimal number 133 to binary using the described process, what is the value of the first binary digit (leftmost bit)?

<p>1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the binary representation of the decimal number 33, according to the conversion method described?

<p>00100001 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the binary number 10000101, what is its decimal equivalent?

<p>133 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would the dotted decimal IP address 133.33.33.7 be represented in binary?

<p><code>10000101.00100001.00100001.00000111</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When converting from binary to decimal, what action is taken when a bit is '0'?

<p>Ignore the corresponding decimal value and add zero. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the final step in converting a dotted decimal IP address to binary form.

<p>Concatenate the binary equivalents of each decimal number, separating them with periods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are converting the decimal IP 192.168.1.1 to binary. During the conversion of the first octet (192), you've subtracted 128, leaving 64. What is the next step?

<p>Subtract 64 from the remaining 64 and write down '1' as the second bit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the conversion between decimal and binary IP addresses considered a "superpower" in networking?

<p>It enables efficient troubleshooting, subnetting, and understanding of network configurations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you have the binary octet 00001010, what is its decimal representation?

<p>10 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When converting binary 11111111 to decimal, what is the result?

<p>255 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider an IP address where the third octet in dotted decimal notation is 172. During the conversion to binary, after handling the 128 position, what would be the remaining value to convert?

<p>44 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to convert the IP address 10.0.0.5 to binary. What would the last octet look like in binary?

<p><code>00000101</code> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the periods in both dotted decimal notation and when representing an IP address in binary?

<p>They provide readability by visually dividing the address into octets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the binary representation of the IP address 0.0.0.0?

<p><code>00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</code> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine you have the IP address 172.217.160.142. What is the binary representation of the third octet (160)?

<p><code>10100000</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of understanding IP addresses in binary?

<p>It is critically important for network engineers to effectively configure and troubleshoot networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You have an IP address where the second octet is 11000000 in binary. What is its decimal value?

<p>192 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In binary-to-decimal conversion, why is the leftmost bit in an octet more significant than the rightmost bit?

<p>Because it represents the largest decimal value (128) within the octet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'dotted decimal notation' describe?

<p>The human-readable format of IP addresses, consisting of four decimal numbers separated by periods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given an IP address of 192.168.5.25, what is the binary equivalent of the fourth octet?

<p><code>00011001</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the decimal equivalent of the binary octet 10101010?

<p>170 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an IP address has a first octet in decimal as 223, what is true of its binary representation?

<p>The first bit must be 1. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the rules for converting decimal to binary, what would the binary representation of an IP address' octet be if its decimal value is greater than 255?

<p>The decimal value is invalid for an IP address octet. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You have two IP addresses represented in binary: 11000000.10101000.00000001.00011001 and 11000000.10101000.00000001.00011010. What single arithmetic operation could you perform to deduce the decimal representation of the fourth octet of the second IP address, given that you know the fourth octet of the first IP address is 25?

<p>Add 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You're subnetting a network. The task requires you to quickly determine the range of possible host IP addresses within a subnet, given a network address and subnet mask in CIDR notation (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24). What critical piece of information does understanding binary representations of IP addresses and subnet masks provide in this scenario?

<p>It immediately shows where the network and host bits separate, and thus, how many hosts can be supported. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You're on a highly secured network where IP addresses are dynamically assigned, and the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) flags unusual traffic patterns based on the bitwise distribution of IP addresses. The IDS maintains a baseline of acceptable binary patterns for each octet. If the usual traffic originates from addresses with the binary pattern 01______ for the first octet (where _ can be either 0 or 1), what might an address with the first octet pattern 10______ indicate?

<p>A potential security threat or misconfigured device. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are tasked with designing a highly specialized, low-bandwidth communication protocol for embedded devices that must transmit IP addresses. To minimize overhead, you need a way to represent IP addresses using the fewest possible bits, while still ensuring uniqueness. Traditional binary or dotted decimal notations are too verbose. Which approach would be most suitable?

<p>Employ variable-length encoding based on the frequency of occurrence of different IP address ranges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Dotted Decimal Notation

Four decimal numbers ranging from 0-255, separated by periods.

Binary IP Address

A 32-bit binary number representing an IP address.

Byte

An 8-bit sequence, a fundamental unit of data.

Octet

Another name for a byte, representing 8 bits.

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Decimal to Binary (IP)

Converting a human-readable IP to machine-readable.

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Binary Conversion Table

A table showing the decimal value for each binary position.

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Rule Number One

If the decimal number is smaller, write 0 in position.

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Rule Number Two

If decimal number is larger, subtract and add 1 in binary.

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Binary to Decimal (IP)

The reverse to binary to decimal.

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Octet-by-Octet Conversion

Breaks the IP address into sections to read.

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IP address

A system to identify and communicate between devices.

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Binary Form

0's and 1's.

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Study Notes

  • The lesson focuses on converting dotted decimal IP address to binary IP addresses and vice versa.

IP Addresses and Notation

  • IP addresses are represented in dotted decimal notation, such as 133.33.33.7
  • Dotted decimal notation consists of four decimal numbers, each ranging from 0 to 255, separated by periods.
  • Computers view IP addresses in binary format, a 32-bit number composed of four sets of eight bits
  • Each set of eight bits is known as a byte or an octet
  • Converting between decimal and binary is essential for understanding IP ranges, subnet masks, and routing.

Decimal to Binary Conversion

  • Decimal to binary conversion is the more complex direction.
  • Tackle the conversion byte by byte
  • A table is used to aid in binary maths
  • The table contains eight positions with decimal values 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, and 1, corresponding to each binary position.
  • The conversion process involves moving from left to right across the table, following a set of rules to determine binary values.
  • If the decimal number is smaller than the binary position value, write "0" and move to the next position
  • If the decimal number is greater than or equal to the binary position value, subtract the binary position value from the decimal number and add a "1" in the binary value column
  • Repeat this process until the end

Binary to Decimal Conversion

  • Break the IP address into four sections corresponding to the dotted decimal versions.
  • Each decimal part corresponds to an eight-bit binary value
  • Read each of the eight bit binary components
  • Use the conversion table to look up the values that correspond to "1", and add them together
  • Each binary position has a decimal value
  • Add that value IF the bit is "1", if not "0" then add "0"

Importance of Conversion

  • IP addresses are identified and communicate with devices on networks
  • Computers process/transmit data in binary
  • Conversion enables communication

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