IP Address Conversion Study Notes

IP addresses are composed of four octets, each ranging from 0 to 255.
Each octet can be represented in an 8-bit binary format.
Conversion steps:
1. Take the decimal value of the octet.
2. Divide by 2, noting the quotient and remainder.
3. Repeat until the quotient is 0.
4. Read the remainders in reverse order to get the binary representation.

Decimal IP addresses are expressed as four decimal values separated by dots (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
To convert binary to decimal:
1. Multiply each bit by 2 raised to its position (starting from 0 on the right).
2. Sum the results to get the decimal value.
Example: Binary 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001 converts to:
- 192 + 168 + 1 + 1 = 192.168.1.1

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) is a compact representation of an IP address and its associated subnet mask.
CIDR notation combines the IP address with a suffix that indicates the number of bits in the subnet mask (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24).
The suffix (e.g., /24) means the first 24 bits are the network part of the address, and the remaining bits are for hosts.
CIDR enables more efficient IP address allocation and routing.

Each IP address consists of four octets, with each octet representing 8 bits.
The range of each octet is from 0 (00000000) to 255 (11111111).
The total number of unique IP addresses is 2^32 (over 4 billion).
Subnets can be defined using octets, where some octets represent the network and others represent hosts.
Understanding octet ranges helps in subnetting and network planning.

IP addresses consist of four octets, each ranging from 0 to 255.
Each octet can be expressed as an 8-bit binary number.
Conversion process involves taking a decimal octet, dividing by 2 to find quotient and remainder, and repeating until the quotient is zero. Remainders read in reverse yield the binary representation.

Decimal IP addresses feature four decimal values separated by dots (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
To convert from binary to decimal, multiply each bit by 2 raised to its positional index (from right, starting at 0) and sum the results.
Example conversion: Binary 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001 equals 192 + 168 + 1 + 1 = 192.168.1.1.

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) offers a condensed format for representing IP addresses and their corresponding subnet masks.
CIDR notation includes an IP address followed by a suffix indicating the number of bits in the subnet mask (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24).
The suffix specifies that the first 24 bits are for the network portion, with remaining bits for host addresses.
CIDR improves IP address allocation efficiency and routing.

An IP address comprises four octets, each representing 8 bits.
Each octet's range is from 0 (00000000 in binary) to 255 (11111111 in binary).
Total unique IP addresses possible is 2^32, exceeding 4 billion.
Subnets are defined using octets, indicating which part refers to the network versus host addresses.
Grasping octet ranges is essential for effective subnetting and network plan development.

IP addresses in IPv4 are represented in decimal format for simplicity.
Format consists of four octets (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
Each octet ranges from 0 to 255, representing individual decimal numbers.
Example: IP address 192.168.1.1 comprises:
- First octet: 192
- Second octet: 168
- Third octet: 1
- Fourth octet: 1

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation allows for a compressed format of IP addresses and network masks.
Written as IP_address/prefix_length, e.g., 192.168.1.0/24.
Prefix length indicates the bits allocated for the network part of the address.
A /24 prefix means 24 bits are reserved for the network, leaving 8 bits for host addresses.
CIDR reduces routing table sizes and enhances IP address allocation efficiency.

IP addresses can also be expressed in binary format, where each decimal octet converts to an 8-bit binary number.
Example conversion for IP address 192.168.1.1:
- 192 converts to 11000000
- 168 converts to 10101000
- 1 converts to 00000001 (this is repeated for both the third and fourth octets).
The full binary representation of 192.168.1.1 is 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001.

Each IP address is divided into four octets, with each octet consisting of 8 bits.
Octets represent values from 0 to 255 and determine network and host parts based on subnetting.
For the IP address 10.0.5.15:
- First octet (10) represents the network portion.
- Second octet (0) also signifies the network portion.
- Third octet (5) indicates the subnetwork/segment.
- Fourth octet (15) serves as the host identifier.
Subnetting divides an IP network into smaller segments, analyzed through octets to determine potential hosts and networks.