Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which process best describes the formation of an anion?
Which process best describes the formation of an anion?
- An atom loses neutrons.
- An atom loses protons.
- An atom gains electrons. (correct)
- An atom gains positive charge.
The combining capacity of an element is most closely related to which of the following?
The combining capacity of an element is most closely related to which of the following?
- Its atomic mass.
- The number of valence electrons. (correct)
- Its ability to conduct electricity.
- The number of neutrons in its nucleus.
What is the primary reason atoms form chemical bonds?
What is the primary reason atoms form chemical bonds?
- To become radioactive.
- To increase their number of protons.
- To decrease their overall energy.
- To achieve a stable octet in their outer electron shell. (correct)
Which of the following is the best example of a polyatomic ion?
Which of the following is the best example of a polyatomic ion?
Which type of compound is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Which type of compound is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
In a chemical equation, what does the coefficient in front of a chemical formula represent?
In a chemical equation, what does the coefficient in front of a chemical formula represent?
Why is it important to balance chemical equations?
Why is it important to balance chemical equations?
Which of the following is an example of a chemical reaction that represents neutralization?
Which of the following is an example of a chemical reaction that represents neutralization?
What is the defining characteristic of an acid according to the provided information?
What is the defining characteristic of an acid according to the provided information?
What process describes an ionic compound breaking into its constituent ions when dissolved in solution?
What process describes an ionic compound breaking into its constituent ions when dissolved in solution?
If a solution has a pH of 3, how would it be classified?
If a solution has a pH of 3, how would it be classified?
In a chemical reaction, what distinguishes a reactant from a product?
In a chemical reaction, what distinguishes a reactant from a product?
What type of bond is formed through the sharing of electrons between two atoms?
What type of bond is formed through the sharing of electrons between two atoms?
Which of the following best describes a molecule?
Which of the following best describes a molecule?
What is the role of valence electrons in forming chemical bonds?
What is the role of valence electrons in forming chemical bonds?
What is the key difference between a binary and a ternary compound?
What is the key difference between a binary and a ternary compound?
What type of ions are typically formed by metals when they form ionic bonds?
What type of ions are typically formed by metals when they form ionic bonds?
Which of the following pH values indicates a strong base?
Which of the following pH values indicates a strong base?
What happens during ionization?
What happens during ionization?
Which type of bond is primarily responsible for holding two water molecules together?
Which type of bond is primarily responsible for holding two water molecules together?
Flashcards
Ion
Ion
An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.
Cation
Cation
A positively charged ion, formed when an atom loses electrons.
Anion
Anion
A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom gains electrons.
Ionic charge
Ionic charge
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Combining capacity
Combining capacity
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Valence electron
Valence electron
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Stable octet
Stable octet
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Polyatomic ion
Polyatomic ion
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Binary compound
Binary compound
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Ternary compound
Ternary compound
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Ionic bond
Ionic bond
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Covalent bond
Covalent bond
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Molecule
Molecule
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Binary covalent compound
Binary covalent compound
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Reactant
Reactant
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Product
Product
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Chemical reaction
Chemical reaction
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Chemical equation
Chemical equation
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Coefficient
Coefficient
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Acid
Acid
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Base
Base
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Ionization
Ionization
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Dissociation
Dissociation
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pH scale
pH scale
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Neutralization
Neutralization
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Study Notes
- Ion: An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a charged species.
- Cation: A positively charged ion, formed when an atom loses electrons.
- Anion: A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom gains electrons.
- Ionic charge: The charge on an ion, positive for cations and negative for anions, determined by electron gain or loss.
- Combining capacity: An element's ability to combine with other elements to form compounds, often shown by its valency.
- Valence electron: Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, responsible for forming bonds.
- Stable octet: The tendency of atoms to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their outer shell, like noble gases.
- Polyatomic ion: An ion composed of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, carrying an overall charge.
- Binary compound: A chemical compound containing exactly two different elements, typically a metal and a non-metal.
- Ternary compound: A chemical compound composed of three different elements, often a metal and two non-metals.
- Ionic bond: A chemical bond formed by electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions, usually between metals and nonmetals.
- Covalent bond: A chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, typically between two nonmetals.
- Molecule: A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
- Binary covalent compound: A compound formed by two nonmetals held together by covalent bonds.
- Reactant: A substance undergoing a chemical change in a reaction, shown on the left side of a chemical equation.
- Product: A substance produced in a chemical reaction, shown on the right side of a chemical equation.
- Chemical reaction: A process where reactants are converted into different substances (products).
- Chemical equation: A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing reactants, products, physical states, and balancing coefficients.
- Coefficient: A number in front of a chemical formula in a chemical equation that balances the equation and represents relative amounts of reactants and products.
- Acid: A substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution, typically having a pH less than 7.
- Base: A substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution, typically having a pH greater than 7.
- Ionization: The process of an atom or molecule gaining or losing electrons to form ions, or the dissociation into ions for acids and bases.
- Dissociation: The process of an ionic compound breaking into its constituent ions in a solution.
- pH scale: Measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly basic), with 7 as neutral.
- Neutralization: A reaction between an acid and a base forming water and a salt, reducing acidity or basicity.
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