DI final important notes/cummulative

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Questions and Answers

What are two forms of ionizing radiation?

gamma rays and X-rays

What is the definition of ionizing radiation?

Energy released can cause electrons from an atom to leave, hence ionizing the atom

Define X-rays

A form of radiation that transfers energy from one place to another

Describe the inverse square law

<p>Double the distance from the primary beam = 1/4 the beams intensity that the operator is exposed to</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cells that are most sensitive to rads are those with a _______________

<p>High rate of division</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cathode is positively charged

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The electrons are attracted to the positively charged anode

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The striking of the anode generated two forms of energy. What are they?

<p>Heat 99% and photons 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the order through which the beam will pass through the patient

<p>Patient, table, grid, then image receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the grid?

<p>To absorb scatter radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The thickness of a patient’s area needs to be over x cm in order for us to use the grid. As the thickness increases, the more tissue is being exposed to X-rays

<p>10cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mA stand for and define it

<p>Miliampere; is the number of X-rays/photons being produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does kVp stand for and define it

<p>Kilovoltage potential ; provided the energy needed for penetration power</p> Signup and view all the answers

An overexposed radiograph means the image was too ________

<p>Dark</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiograph that is ‘too light” means that the ________ or _______ was too ____________

<p>A radiograph that is ‘too light’ means that the kVP or mAs was too low</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contrast technique is best used for radiographing the abdomen?

<p>High contrast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Block: Which is not a property of X-rays/photons?

<p>Has a positive charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intensifying screens?

<p>Convert x-rays into visible light</p> Signup and view all the answers

Block: Wearing lead protective gear on your hands is okay to still put in the primary beam

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The closer the structure is to the image plate, the better the image quality of that structure, therefore the structure may appear “in front”

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the structure the purple lines are pointing to

<p>Medial and lateral fabella</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the structure the blue arrow is pointing to

<p>Caudal extent of joint capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

The infrapatellar fat pad (green triangle) is radiopaque

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure labeled 2?

<p>Calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure labeled 5

<p>Proximal intertarsal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure labeled 6

<p>Distal intertarsal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify #7

<p>Tarsometatarsal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

Upper airway problems are a common cause of ___________________ in sport horses

<p>Upper airway problems are a common cause of poor performance in sport horses</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which X-ray machine is used to radiograph horses?

<p>Portable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which X-ray machine produces higher kVp?

<p>Static (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What orthogonal view is most common when radiographing horses?

<p>Lateral to lateral view</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the pros of laryngeal ultrasonography in horses?

<p>Widely available, inexpensive, allows you to image soft tissue structures of larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are disadvantages of Laryngeal ultrasonography of horses?

<p>Acoustic waves can’t penetrate bone or air, operator dependent, limited usefulness around sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure labeled A?

<p>Thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure labeled B?

<p>Cricoarytenoideus lateralis m</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is structure labelled C?

<p>Arytenoid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is structure labeled D?

<p>Glottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is structure labeled E?

<p>Muscularis process</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which meats should you avoid when placing an endoscopy?

<p>Dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure the endoscope is in?

<p>Guttural pouch Ostia</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cassettes are used for thoracic rads in foals?

<p>1-2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cassettes are used to radiograph the thoracic cavity of adult horses?

<p>4-5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing thoracic U/S of foals, you must use ________ instead of alcohol or gel because their skin is more sensitive

<p>Baby oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

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