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Iodine and Its Role in the Body Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which amino acid is used to make thyroid hormones?

Phenylalanine

Tyrosine (correct)

Methionine

Tryptophan

What converts T4 to the active form T3?

Iodothyronine deiodinase (correct)

Thyroglobulin

Thyroid peroxidase

Thyroxine-binding globulin

How do thyroid hormones work in target cells?

By promoting fat storage

By affecting gene expression (correct)

By increasing basal metabolic rate

By inhibiting protein synthesis

Which thyroid hormone is predominant in the blood?

T4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential component of thyroid hormones?

Iodide ions Signup and view all the answers

What do thyroid hormones promote?

Protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme that converts T4 to T3?

Iodothyronine deiodinase Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the supply of iodine is adequate for the thyroid gland?

Thyroid hormones can be made and their presence turns off synthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is a classic sign of iodine deficiency?

Goiter Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects of iodine deficiency on growth and development?

Multiple adverse effects on growth and development Signup and view all the answers

What does severe iodine deficiency cause?

Gross cognitive impairments, short stature, deafness and spasticity Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of acute iodine poisoning?

GI irritation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cardiovascular symptoms, coma, cyanosis Signup and view all the answers

What happens with a large excess of iodine?

Inhibits thyroid hormone production, leading to increased TSH stimulation for thyroid growth and goiter Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates thyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia in response to iodine deficiency?

Increased TSH secretion Signup and view all the answers