I/O Devices & Operating Systems

• Input devices include keyboards and mice, while output devices include monitors and speakers.
• Wired connection methods include USB, HDMI, and Ethernet; wireless methods include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and RF.
• Drivers are specialized software necessary for devices to function correctly.
• High-quality input/output devices enhance user experience and usability.
• Specialized devices include Braille displays and motion capture gloves.

Operating Systems

• The primary purpose of an OS is to manage hardware and software resources.
• GUIs have distinct features but share common elements.
• File management involves organizing files and folders in a hierarchical structure.
• User accounts and security provide personalized settings and access levels for enhanced security.
• CLI offers speed and automation but requires technical expertise.
• The choice of operating system depends on considering compatibility, ease of use, security, customization, and cost.

Software Types and Installation

• Types of software include proprietary, open-source, freeware, and shareware.
• Downloading from trusted sources prevents malware, avoids security vulnerabilities, ensures authenticity, and provides official updates and support.
• Keeping software updated enhances security, improves performance, adds new features, and ensures compatibility.
• Typical steps for software installation involve downloading from a trusted source, running the installer, accepting the license agreement, choosing installation settings, waiting for installation to complete, and launching the application.

Internet and Networking

• The Internet is the infrastructure, while the World Wide Web consists of interlinked web pages.
• IP Addresses serve as unique numerical labels for devices.
• DNS translates domain names into IP addresses.
• Social media connects people and provides information but also poses risks.
• Online security involves using strong passwords, keeping software updated, and exercising caution with links.
• The Internet has changed communication, work, and learning.
• Data privacy concerns encompass consent, security, and manipulation.

Internet and Security

• The Internet is a global network, and the WWW is a web page service.
• IP Addresses are unique numerical labels assigned to devices.
• DNS translates domain names to IP addresses.
• Social media connects people and facilitates communication, raising concerns.
• Online security involves using strong passwords, being cautious when clicking links, keeping software updated, using VPNs, and maintaining privacy awareness.
• The Internet has changed communication, work, and learning.
• Data privacy raises concerns regarding surveillance, transparency, and data misuse.

Core Computing Disciplines

• Key areas in core computing include Computer Science (CS), Information Technology (IT), Software Engineering (SE), Computer Engineering (CE), Data Science (DS), and Cybersecurity.
• Computing specializations in high demand include AI/ML, Cybersecurity, Cloud Computing, DS/Analytics, Software Dev/DevOps, and Blockchain.
• Computing disciplines share problem-solving and programming aspects but have distinct focuses, either theoretical or applied.