Investigative Reporting and Criminal Investigation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of taking notes in police reporting?

  • To assist your memory with specific details such as names and addresses (correct)
  • To speed up the reporting process
  • To impress the reader with your writing skills
  • To create a concise and clear report

    • In which stage of the reporting process is chronological order most closely related to?

  • Note taking
  • Proofreading
  • Organizing and planning (correct)
  • Writing the narrative

    • What is the main goal of writing the narrative in police reporting?

  • To express your ideas
  • To summarize the report
  • To make an impression on the reader's mind (correct)
  • To ask for feedback from the reader

    • What is the last step in the proofreading process?

    <p>Reflecting on whether the report is the best it can be</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key uses of police reports in identification of criminals?

    <p>Filing criminal complaints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should an officer start assembling the report?

    <p>When certain of the subject matter and purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to consider the reader's perspective when writing the narrative?

    <p>To ensure the reader understands the report's content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of organizing and planning the report?

    <p>It ensures the report is easy to read and understand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of an investigation?

    <p>To identify the suspect, locate the suspect, and provide evidence of guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is criminal investigation?

    <p>An art which deals with the identity and location of the offender and provides evidence of guilt through criminal proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of investigative writing?

    <p>It serves as a record for police administrators and planning, and can be used as legal documents in the prosecution of criminals, and can be useful to local media that needs access to public documents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an investigative report contain?

    <p>An accurate description of all event and incident details, and content that is deemed admissible and credible in a court of law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is accuracy in an investigative report?

    <p>The report should be a true representation of the facts to the best of the investigators ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for an investigative report to be completed and presented in a timely manner?

    <p>So that the report can be completed and presented in a timely manner, ensuring that relevant decision makers can make informed decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an investigative report not contain?

    <p>Opinions or information that is open to misinterpretation, and irrelevant information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the author of the report considering their personality?

    <p>The author of the report should consider that the written work is reflective of the writer's personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a topic sentence in a paragraph?

    <p>To indicate the general idea or thesis of the paragraph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a coherent paragraph?

    <p>Each sentence flows smoothly into the next without obvious shifts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using radio codes and phonetics in two-way radio communication?

    <p>To help radio users communicate quickly and concisely under tough conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Roger that' mean in two-way radio communication?

    <p>Message received and understood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of unity in a paragraph?

    <p>It allows the writer to focus on a single idea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using shorthand expressions and codes in two-way radio communication?

    <p>To help radio users communicate quickly and concisely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Come in' mean in two-way radio communication?

    <p>Asking another party to acknowledge they can hear you</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of ensuring that all radio users understand all the terms in advance in two-way radio communication?

    <p>To ensure that everyone is on the same page with the terminology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why administrative decisions should avoid subjective opinions in writing?

    <p>Because they are not grounded in facts and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pronouns are typically used in objective writing?

    <p>Third person pronouns such as he, she, and they</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between objective and subjective writing?

    <p>Objective writing focuses on facts, while subjective writing focuses on opinions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the PNP Investigative Manual, what type of report writer thinks first and writes afterwards?

    <p>Those who think first and write afterwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the initial information section in a police report?

    <p>To establish how the officer became involved with the incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the identification of the crime or incident section of a police report?

    <p>The facts necessary to show that the crime or incident has taken place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental element of an effective police report?

    <p>The inclusion of certain content elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be identified in a police report, regardless of the type of report?

    <p>The reporting persons, victims, witnesses, and suspects if known</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a continuing crime committed in various areas of responsibilities be recorded and reported?

    <p>As a single crime by the unit taking cognizance of the crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a memorandum in the police service?

    <p>To provide general information and advice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What segment of a memorandum usually includes the purpose of the memo, context, and problem?

    <p>Opening Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optional part of a memorandum that provides a brief statement of the key points and recommendations?

    <p>Summary Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What segment of a memorandum describes what should be done to help solve the problems?

    <p>Task Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is usually included in the Necessary Attachments of a memorandum?

    <p>Forms, documents, lists, graphs, tables, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the signature of the writer of the memo usually affixed?

    <p>At the end of the memo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can use the Memorandum form in the police service?

    <p>Subordinate officials, on matters advisory or informative in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Investigative Reporting

    • Investigation involves collecting facts to identify the suspect, locate them, and provide evidence of their guilt.

    Criminal Investigation

    • Deals with the identity and location of the offender and provides evidence of guilt through criminal proceedings.

    Appropriate Investigative Report Writing

    • Reports should be structured to communicate relevant and factual information.
    • Key goals of report writing include:
      • Accurate description of event and incident details
      • Clear and concise content
      • Admissible and credible in a court of law
      • No portrayal of opinions or open-to-misinterpretation information
      • Sufficient information to establish factual relevance of conclusions
      • Timely completion and presentation

    Importance of Investigative Writing

    • Serves as records for police administrators and planning
    • Can be used as legal documents in the prosecution of criminals
    • Can be used by other agencies
    • Can be useful to local media that needs access to public documents
    • Reflects the writer's personality
    • Can be a basis for research

    Requisites of a Good Investigation Report

    • Accuracy – true representation of the facts to the best of the investigator's ability
    • Unity – entire paragraph should concern itself with a single focus
    • Coherence – each sentence flows smoothly into the next without obvious shifts or jumps
    • Topic sentence – indicates the idea or thesis the paragraph is going to deal with

    Radio Codes/Phonetics

    • Emphasis on the usage of passwords or call signs, radio net diagram, authentication system, APCO ten codes, and code words
    • Codes were developed to help radio users communicate quickly and concisely under tough conditions

    Two-Way Radio Communication Language

    • Shorthand expressions and codes are useful for radio communications
    • Examples include:
      • Roger that – Message received and understood
      • Roger so far – Confirming part way through a long message
      • Affirmative – Yes
      • Negative – No
      • Come in – Asking another party to acknowledge they can hear you
      • Go ahead – I'm ready for your message
      • Say again – Repeat all your last message

    Note Taking

    • Notes are the basis for the report
    • Take notes to assist memory with specific details, such as names, dates of birth, serial numbers, addresses, and phone numbers
    • Arrange and organize notes in logical order, relating to time, place, person, cause, and effect

    Organizing and Planning

    • Proper organization and planning make the report clear, easy to read, understandable, and concise
    • Organizing and planning are closely related to chronological order
    • Understand the assignment and the purpose of the report

    Writing the Narrative

    • Express ideas and make an impression on the reader's mind
    • Place yourself in the reader's position and try to visualize their problem, knowledge, and dependence on the report

    Proofreading

    • Review the report to ensure it is the best it can be
    • Consider the reader's perspective and ask:
      • Is this report the best I can do?
      • Would I want to read it to the Chief of Police?
      • Is there anything else I can do to make it better?

    Uses of Police Report

    • Identification of criminals
    • Source document for filing criminal complaints
    • Record of all investigations
    • Basis for additional follow-up investigations

    Types of Report Writers

    • Those who write without thinking
    • Those who write and think at the same time
    • Those who think first and write afterwards

    General Contents of Police Report

    • Initial information – establishes how the officer became involved with the incident and additional background information
    • Identification of the crime or incident – includes facts necessary to show that the specific crime or incident has taken place
    • Identification of the involved parties – includes reporting persons, victims, witnesses, and suspects if known

    Memorandum

    • Informal letter about a thing or things to be remembered or a brief written outline of the terms of a transaction
    • Common practice in the police service for official matters

    Parts of Memorandum

    • Heading segment – includes the person it is written for, the sender, the subject, and the date
    • Opening segment – includes the purpose of the memo, the context, and the problem
    • Task segment – describes what should be done to help solve the problem
    • Summary segment – brief statement of the key points and recommendations
    • Closing segment – courteous ending that states what action the writer wants the reader to take
    • Necessary attachments – includes forms, documents, lists, graphs, tables, etc.

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    Technical English 2 Investigative Report Writing PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of investigative reporting, including the aims of an investigation, criminal investigation, and writing investigative reports.

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