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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of using potassium hydroxide in the experiment?
To absorb carbon dioxide
Why is it important to seal the bell-jars with vaseline?
To make the setup air-tight
What is the role of roots in terrestrial plants?
To take up water and other materials from the soil
What is the significance of starch in plants?
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Why is nitrogen essential for autotrophs?
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What is the purpose of the experiment in Activity 6.2?
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Why are bell-jars used in the experiment?
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What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis?
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What is the function of the watch-glass containing potassium hydroxide?
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What can be concluded from the experiment in Activity 6.2?
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Study Notes
Nutrition in Multi-Cellular Organisms
- In multi-cellular organisms, specialized tissues are developed for excretion, requiring a transportation system to transport waste away from cells to the excretory tissue.
- Energy and materials from outside are necessary for growth, development, synthesizing protein, and other substances needed in the body.
Autotrophic Nutrition
- Autotrophs, such as green plants and some bacteria, use simple food materials obtained from inorganic sources, like carbon dioxide and water, to fulfill their energy and material requirements.
- Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs convert substances from the outside into stored forms of energy.
- Carbon dioxide and water are converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll, which provide energy to the plant.
Process of Photosynthesis
- Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll.
- Light energy is converted into chemical energy, and water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen.
- Carbon dioxide is reduced to carbohydrates.
- These steps can occur separately, and the plant may prepare an intermediate product at night, which is acted upon by the energy absorbed during the day.
Role of Chlorophyll
- Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.
- Chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll, are cell organelles found in green dots in leaf cells.
Importance of Stomata
- Stomata are tiny pores present on the surface of leaves, allowing for massive gaseous exchange during photosynthesis.
- Stomata are also present on stems, roots, and leaves.
- Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata, and they swell when water flows into them, causing the stomatal pore to open.
Experiment to Demonstrate Photosynthesis
- Activity 6.1 demonstrates the importance of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
- Activity 6.2 shows the effect of carbon dioxide on photosynthesis.
- These activities can be used to design an experiment to demonstrate the importance of sunlight for photosynthesis.
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Description
This experiment explores the effect of carbon dioxide on plant growth. Students will observe how potassium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide and its impact on plant development.
