Invertebrate Macro Fossils Lab Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does Porifera support?

Water

Skin

Skeleton (correct)

Muscle

What organisms are included in Cnidaria?

Corals, anemones, jellyfish, hydroids

What are Anthozoa organisms known for?

Benthic marine suspension feeders

When did Rugose Corals exist?

Ordovician to Permian Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Tabulate Corals?

Colonial forms with appearance of honeycomb Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the structure of Tabulate?

Each tube is divided into segments by horizontal plates Signup and view all the answers

What do Scleractinian corals resemble?

Rugose, aka Hexa-corals Signup and view all the answers

How diverse are Mollusca?

Very diverse group of invertebrates Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of Gastropods?

Slugs and snails Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Bivalvia?

Clams with two shells hinged together Signup and view all the answers

What are Cephalopoda known for?

Including squids, octopus, and chambered nautilus Signup and view all the answers

What types of shells may Nautiloidea have?

Straight or coiled, with septa Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Septa?

Divides chambers into partitions Signup and view all the answers

What do Bryozoa resemble?

Sponges or corals Signup and view all the answers

How do Brachiopoda shells function?

Held together by muscle, or peg and socket hinge Signup and view all the answers

How do Inarticulate Brachiopods secure their shells?

Held by muscles only Signup and view all the answers

What defines Articulate Brachiopods?

Peg and socket hinge Signup and view all the answers

What organisms belong to Crustacea?

Crabs, shrimp, lobsters, barnacles Signup and view all the answers

What are Cirripedia?

Barnacles, benthic marine suspension feeders Signup and view all the answers

What are Echinodermata?

Starfish, sea urchins, and relatives Signup and view all the answers

What are Crinoidea?

Sea lilies or feather stars that resemble flowers Signup and view all the answers

Echinoidea refers to what organisms?

Sea urchins with spherical or flattened globular body shape Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ammonoidea contain?

Septa and sutures with a wavy pattern Signup and view all the answers

What describes Belemnoidea?

Solid structure shaped like a cigar Signup and view all the answers

What kind of skeleton do Arthropoda have?

Segmented external skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What defines Trilobita?

Extinct group of marine arthropods with head, thorax, tail Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Phylum Porifera

Composed of sponges, characterized by a skeleton that provides structural support.

Phylum Cnidaria

Includes various organisms such as corals, anemones, jellyfish, and hydroids.
Divided into subclasses including Anthozoa.

Cnidaria: Anthozoa

Benthic marine suspension feeders, primarily living on the sea floor.

Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Rugose Corals

Existed from the Ordovician to Permian periods; now extinct.

Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Tabulate Corals

Known for their colonial forms, which create a distinctive honeycomb appearance.

Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinian

Also known as Hexa-corals; resemble rugose corals but have different skeletal structures.

Phylum Mollusca

Highly diverse group of invertebrates including various classes.

Mollusca: Gastropod

Represents slugs and snails that typically exhibit a coiled body structure.

Mollusca: Bivalvia

Composed of clams, characterized by two shells hinged together.

Mollusca: Cephalopoda

Includes squids, octopuses, and chambered nautilus, known for their complex behavior.

Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Nautiloidea

Features shells that can be straight, coiled, or comprise septa to divide chambers.

Septa

Refers to the partitions that separate the chambers within nautiloid shells.

Phylum Bryozoa

Resembles sponges or corals; closest living relatives to brachiopods.

Phylum Brachiopoda

Characterized by two shells held together either by muscle or a peg-and-socket hinge.

Brachiopoda: Inarticulate Brachiopods

Shells are connected solely by muscles without a hinge mechanism.

Brachiopoda: Articulate Brachiopods

Feature a peg-and-socket hinge for connecting the two shells.

Phylum Arthropoda: Crustacea

Encompasses crabs, shrimp, lobsters, and barnacles, all of which have jointed limbs.

Arthropoda: Crustacea: Cirripedia

Specifically refers to barnacles that serve as benthic marine suspension feeders.

Phylum Echinodermata

Includes starfish, sea urchins, and similar organisms characterized by a unique body structure.

Echinodermata: Crinoidea

Known as sea lilies or feather stars, resembling flowers in appearance.

Echinodermata: Echinoidea

Comprises sea urchins featuring a spherical or flattened globular body shape.

Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Ammonoidea

Characterized by septa and sutures displaying a wavy pattern.

Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Belemnoidea

Distinct for their solid, cigar-shaped structures.

Phylum Arthropoda

Defined by segmented bodies and an external skeleton providing protection and support.

Arthropoda: Trilobita

An extinct class of marine arthropods featuring a three-part body: head, thorax, and tail.

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Description

Test your knowledge on invertebrate macro fossils with this set of flashcards. Explore the classification and key characteristics of various groups like Porifera and Cnidaria. Ideal for students studying marine biology or paleontology.