Invertebrate Biology Characteristics and Phyla

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Questions and Answers

Which feature is NOT characteristic of the Phylum Echinodermata?

Presence of an endoskeleton

Radial body symmetry

Hard exoskeleton (correct)

Water vascular system

What type of feeders are Sea Cucumbers primarily categorized as?

Filter feeders

Herbivores

Carnivorous

Detritus feeders (correct)

Which characteristic is unique to insects compared to centipedes and millipedes?

Two pairs of legs per segment

Long body consisting of many segments

One pair of antennae

Body divided into three parts (correct)

Which of the following echinoderms is characterized by a star-shaped body and is carnivorous?

Sea star Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feeding strategy of millipedes?

Herbivorous Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in sea stars is involved in their unique method of movement?

Tube feet Signup and view all the answers

Which type of symbiotic relationship involves one organism being harmed?

Parasitism Signup and view all the answers

What type of symmetry do most echinoderms exhibit?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What structure in grasshoppers plays a similar role to kidneys in other organisms?

Malpighian tubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the sea urchin's body structure?

Rigid, box-like covering Signup and view all the answers

How do insects primarily obtain oxygen?

Through spiracles and tracheal tubes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skeleton is not typically found in invertebrates?

Cartilaginous skeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of uniramians?

Two pairs of legs per segment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups are filter feeders among echinoderms?

Sea cucumbers and feather stars Signup and view all the answers

What type of metamorphosis do butterflies undergo?

Complete metamorphosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arthropods primarily lives in aquatic environments?

Crustaceans Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phyla is characterized by organisms that are primarily asymmetrical?

Phylum Porifera Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of body cavity evolution?

Acoelom → Pseudocoelom → Coelom Signup and view all the answers

In protostomes, what does the blastopore develop into?

Mouth Signup and view all the answers

Which body symmetry is described as having only one plane of symmetry?

Bilateral symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of animals classified under Phylum Nematoda?

They have a pseudocoelom. Signup and view all the answers

What is cephalization in the context of animal evolution?

Concentration of nerves and sensory organs in the head Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes organisms with radial symmetry?

They can be divided into multiple identical sections from a central point. Signup and view all the answers

Which germ layer is responsible for forming the outer layer of cells in an animal?

Ectoderm Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Invertebrate Characteristics

Animals without a backbone are invertebrates.
Invertebrates comprise a large group within the Kingdom Animalia.
They exhibit diverse body plans and adaptations.

Invertebrate Phyla

There are eight major phyla.
These phyla include Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Echinodermata.
Each phylum has unique characteristics.

Trends in Animal Evolution

Cell Specialization: Different cell types originate from three embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).
Early Development: Protostomes develop the mouth first, and deuterostomes develop the anus first.
Body Symmetry: Types include asymmetry, radial symmetry, and bilateral symmetry.
Cephalization: Sensory organs and nerve clusters concentrating at the anterior (head) end.
Body Cavity: Three stages in coelom development exist: acoelomate (no body cavity), pseudocoelomate (partially lined body cavity), and coelomate (fully lined body cavity).

Animal Phylum Examples

Porifera (sponges): Lack true tissues and organs; filter feeders with a porous body.
Cnidaria (cnidarians): Radial symmetry; carnivorous; have stinging cells called nematocysts. Include classes like Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Anthozoa.
Platyhelminthes (flatworms): Unsegmented; acoelomate; free-living or parasitic. Includes classes Turbellaria, Trematoda, and Cestoda
Nematoda (roundworms): Unsegmented; pseudocoelomate; have a complete digestive system with a mouth and an anus. Includes parasitic and free-living forms.
Annelida (segmented worms): Segmented bodies; coelomate; have a closed circulatory system. Examples include Polychaetes (bristle worms), Oligochaetes (earthworms), and Hirudinea (leeches).
Mollusca (mollusks): Soft-bodied; have a muscular foot, a mantle, and a visceral mass. Examples include Bivalvia (clams, oysters), Gastropoda (snails, slugs), and Cephalopoda (octopus, squid).
Arthropoda (arthropods): Segmented bodies; exoskeleton made of chitin; jointed appendages. Includes subphyla like Trilobita (extinct), Chelicerata (spiders, scorpions), Uniramia (millipedes, centipedes, insects), and Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, shrimps).
Echinodermata (echinoderms): Radial symmetry; endoskeleton; water vascular system. Examples include sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers.

Invertebrate Systems

Skeletal systems: Exoskeletons, endoskeletons, hydrostatic skeletons.
Digestive systems: One-opening digestive systems in some, two-opening digestive systems in others
Circulatory systems: Open circulatory systems and closed circulatory systems.
Respiratory systems: Diffusion across skin, gills, book lungs, tracheal tubes.
Excretory systems: Flame cells, nephridia, Malpighian tubules.
Nervous systems: Simple nerve nets, centralized nerve cords.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of invertebrates, animals without backbones that comprise a significant part of the Kingdom Animalia. This quiz covers their diverse characteristics, major phyla, and important evolutionary trends. Test your knowledge on cell specialization, body symmetry, and developmental processes.