Invertebrate and Vertebrate Animals

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Questions and Answers

Which identifying character is associated with the liver fluke?

Body covered with jointed appendages

Body radially symmetrical

Mouth surrounded by an oral sucker (correct)

Body metamerically segmented

What feature distinguishes the body of a round worm?

Body with thick cuticle

Body flattened and bilateral

Body covered with an exoskeleton

Body cylindrical and unsegmented (correct)

Which of the following statements is true about leeches?

They are characterized by a radially symmetrical body

They have an oral sucker and are not segmented

They breathe through gills

They possess an anti-coagulant in their saliva (correct)

What is a primary economic importance of earthworms?

They aerate the soil and improve soil fertility Signup and view all the answers

Which identifying character is found in honey bees?

Jointed appendages with a sting present Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of snails?

Presence of an operculum and calcareous shell Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT typically associated with a frog?

Body covered with cycloid scales Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature do starfish possess?

Star-shaped body with five arms Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is Entamoeba histolytica?

Protozoan Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax?

High fever Signup and view all the answers

Ascaris lumbricoides is responsible for which disease?

Ascariasis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of Ascariasis?

Diarrhea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which type of evolution explains the development of homologous organs?

Divergent evolution Signup and view all the answers

What are analogous organs?

Organs with different structures but the same function Signup and view all the answers

The wings of birds and butterflies are an example of:

Analogous organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of these organisms is a fungus?

Microsporum Signup and view all the answers

What identifying characteristic is found in garden lizards?

Dry scales Signup and view all the answers

Which function is performed by the left ventricle of the heart?

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body Signup and view all the answers

Which adaptation helps pigeons to fly?

Modified forelimbs into wings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the bronchi in the lungs?

To connect the trachea to the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cerebellum in the brain?

Maintains equilibrium and posture Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is responsible for receiving deoxygenated blood from the body?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which identifying characteristic is true for rabbits?

Body covered by soft hairs Signup and view all the answers

What structure in the eye allows light rays to enter?

Cornea Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Invertebrate Animals

Hydra:
- Body is radially symmetrical, cylindrical.
- Tentacles are present.
Liver Fluke:
- Body is bilaterally symmetrical, flat.
- Oral sucker present.
- Covered with a thick cuticle.
- Anaerobic respiration.
- Two suckers (oral and ventral).
Roundworm:
- Cylindrical, unsegmented body.
- No appendages.
- Covered with cuticle.
- Anaerobic respiration.
Leech:
- Body is metamerically segmented (33 segments).
- Anterior and posterior suckers present.
- Saliva contains hirudin (anti-coagulant).
Earthworm:
- Cylindrical, metamerically segmented body.
- Clitellum present.
- Improves soil fertility by aeration.
- Worm castings aid plant growth.

Silkworms

Silkworms:
- Have jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton.
- Produce silk.
- Sericulture provides employment opportunities.

Vertebrates

Rahu:
- Covered with cycloid scales.
- Bony endoskeleton.
Frog:
- Soft, moist skin.
- No neck or tail.
- Edible flesh used as pest control.
Garden Lizard:
- Dry scales.
- Pentadactyle limbs (five-toed).
Pigeon:
- Feathered body.
- Pair of wings.
Rabbit:
- Covered with soft fur (hair).
- Pair of ears (pinnae).

Cockroach Digestive System

Salivary gland.
Salivary receptacle.
Oesophagus.
Crop.
Gizzard.
Hepatic caecae.
Mesenteron.
Malpighian tubules.
Ileum.
Rectum.
Anus.
Colon.
Heart.
Gall bladder.
Lung.
Fat bodies.
Kidney.
Ureter.
Urinary bladder.
Cloaca.

Frog Viscera

Oesophagus.
Liver.
Stomach.
Intestine.
Rectum.
Cloacal aperture.

Human Heart

Right atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from body.
Left atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from lungs.
Right ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs.
Left ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to body.
Aorta: Carries blood from left ventricle.
Tricuspid valve: Allows blood flow from right atrium to right ventricle.
Bicuspid valve: Allows blood flow from left atrium to left ventricle.

Lungs

Larynx: Voice production.
Trachea: Air passage to lungs.
Bronchi: Air passage from trachea to lungs.
Lungs: Site of gas exchange (CO2/O2).

Brain

Cerebrum: Memory, intelligence, reasoning.
Cerebellum: Equilibrium and posture.
Medulla Oblongata: Controls involuntary actions (coughing, sneezing).

Eye

Cornea: Transparent window.
Iris: Regulates pupil size.
Lens: Refracts light.
Retina: Image formation.

Ear

Pinna: Collects sound waves.
Semicircular canal: Balance.
Cochlea: Hearing.
Tympanum: Transmits vibrations.

Muscle Types

Striated muscle: Voluntary movement.
Non-striated muscle: Involuntary movement.
Cardiac muscle: Heart muscle.

Joints

Ball and socket joint: Allows movement in all directions (e.g., hip).
Hinge joint: Allows movement in one direction (e.g., knee).
Gliding joint: Allows sliding movement (e.g., wrist).
Pivot joint: Allows rotation (e.g., neck).

Biochemical Analysis

Glucose test: Benedict's test.
- Greenish/brick red ppt indicates glucose positive result.
Protein test: Biuret test.
- Violet color indicates positive protein result.
Starch test: Lugol's test.
- Blue/black color indicates positive starch result.

Embryology - Diagrams:

Blastula: Shows layers of developing embryo (outer layer, inner cell mass, fluid filled cavity).
Testis: Shows stages of Sperm development within the tubules.
Ovary: Shows developing egg layers within follicles (primary follicles and mature graafian follicles).

Human Diseases - Organisms, Diseases, and Symptoms

Various organisms associated with diseases (Amoebiasis, Malaria, Ascariasis, Ringworm).
- Symptoms associated with each disease (e.g. abdominal pain, High fever, Colic pain, skin lesions).

Homologous/Analogous Organs

Homologous: Similar structure, different function.
Analogous: Same function, different structure.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of invertebrate and vertebrate animals in this quiz. From the unique characteristics of hydras and leeches to the significance of earthworms in soil health, test your knowledge on various species. Learn about silkworms and their role in sericulture as well.