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Introductory Life Sciences: DNA Structure and Genetics

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Introductory Life Sciences: DNA Structure and Genetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of nucleic acids in relation to hereditary information?

To regulate gene expression solely in prokaryotes

To catalyze chemical reactions in cells

To synthesize proteins directly

To store, transmit, and help express hereditary information (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Phosphate

Amino acid (correct)

Pentose sugar

Nitrogenous base

What is the term for the process of DNA directing the synthesis of messenger RNA?

Mutation

Transcription (correct)

Translation

Replication

What type of bond forms between a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base in a nucleotide?

Glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins?

Central dogma Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of the nitrogenous bases Adenine and Guanine in DNA?

Purines Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the bond or linkage between a carbohydrate molecule and a functional group?

Glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the negatively charged group attached to the sugar molecule in DNA?

Phosphate group Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecule that consists of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of sugar found in RNA?

Ribose Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the linkage between nucleotides in a polynucleotide?

Phosphodiester bond Signup and view all the answers

What is unique for each gene in a DNA or mRNA polymer?

The sequence of bases Signup and view all the answers