150 Questions
What type of team building is focused on addressing breakdowns in team cohesion?
Trust exercises
Which of the following is NOT a type of team building?
Team training
What is the primary aim of team training?
To improve team performance outcomes
Which of the following is an example of team training?
Crew Resource Management (CRM)
What is the focus of team training?
On team KSAs including communication, situational awareness, problem solving, and decision making
According to which researchers is team building and team training effective?
Salas et al. (2008) and Klein et al.
What is the outcome of team training in terms of cognitive outcomes?
Improved cognitive outcomes
What is the primary goal of team building?
To improve trust and confidence in team members
What is the result of team training in terms of team performance?
Improved team performance outcomes
What is the focus of team building?
On building team competencies
What is the primary objective of trust exercises in team building?
To improve trust and confidence in team members
What is the main difference between team building and team training?
Team building focuses on team competencies, while team training focuses on technical skills
What is the benefit of using role clarification in team building?
Clarifies team member roles and responsibilities
What is the primary goal of problem-solving exercises in team building?
To improve team performance outcomes
What is the focus of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training?
Team competencies such as communication and situational awareness
What is the outcome of team training in terms of team decision making?
Improves team decision making
What is the primary benefit of team training in terms of cognitive outcomes?
Improves shared knowledge among team members
What is the basis of the effectiveness of team building and team training?
Shuffler et al. (2011) and Salas et al. (2008)
What is the primary objective of goal-setting exercises in team building?
To improve team performance outcomes
What is the benefit of using team building and team training together?
Combines the benefits of both team building and team training
The US Airways Hudson River landing was attributed to ineffective teamworking.
False
Eagle Star Insurance's team development intervention involved walking across a bed of hot coals to improve team bonding.
True
Ericsson's team development intervention involved staging a hijacking to improve team reactions to stress, and they gave notice to the police beforehand.
False
Shuffler et al. (2011) suggest that team development interventions should be based on ad hoc decisions rather than theory and evidence.
False
Team building and team training are interchangeable terms.
False
Participation in team training for surgical teams is associated with higher mortality rates in 74 facilities.
False
Klein et al. emphasize the importance of team building in improving team performance.
True
Team development interventions can have a negative impact on team performance.
True
The Crew Resource Management programme is a type of team building intervention.
False
Team development can have a huge positive impact on team performance, but only in certain industries.
False
Which of the following leadership types is characterized by humiliating and manipulating employees to achieve results?
Tyrannical
What percentage of leaders in a national Norwegian sample were classified as destructive?
61%
Which of the following is a consequence of laissez-faire leadership, according to Skodstad et al. (2007)?
Role conflict and high levels of distress
What is the primary focus of contingency theory in leadership?
Adjusting leadership style to the situation and followers
Which of the following leadership types involves acting in the interests of both followers and the organization?
Destructive
What is the outcome of destructive leadership on follower attitudes and well-being, according to Schyns and Schilling (2013)?
Negative attitudes and decreased well-being
Which of the following is NOT a type of constructive leadership behavior?
Laissez-faire
What is the primary focus of the LMX theory of leadership?
Building high-quality relationships with followers
Which of the following is a characteristic of derailed leadership?
Acting in an insensitive and arrogant way towards employees
What is the sequence of destructive leadership types, in order of prevalence, according to Aasland et al. (2010)?
Laissez-faire > supportive-disloyal > derailed > tyrannical
Derailed leadership is characterized by being liked by employees but undermining the organization.
False
Tyrannical leadership is characterized by achieving results to the detriment of employees.
True
Laissez-faire leadership is a type of constructive leadership behavior.
False
Up to 50% of leaders in a national Norwegian sample were classified as destructive.
False
Schyns and Schilling (2013) found that destructive leadership is positively related to follower attitudes towards the leader.
False
Transformational leadership is a type of destructive leadership behavior.
False
Disloyal leadership is characterized by acting in an insensitive and arrogant way towards employees.
False
The LMX theory of leadership focuses on building high-quality relations with employees.
True
Contingency theory of leadership focuses on balancing relationship- and task-orientation.
False
Pro-organisation leadership is a type of destructive leadership behavior.
False
What is the primary focus of training evaluation?
Establishing the effectiveness of training
What is the main advantage of overlearning?
It helps to maintain performance during periods of low practice
What is the purpose of the Training Cycle?
To identify training needs and evaluate training effectiveness
What is the primary focus of Kirkpatrick's Model?
Collecting data about trainees' views of training
What is the main barrier to training evaluation?
All of the above
What is the purpose of building a job performance database?
To evaluate the effectiveness of training
What is the main reason why trainers may not value training evaluation?
They view training as risky and expensive
What is the primary benefit of involving the wider community in training?
It provides additional learning opportunities
What is the role of trainers in the on-the-job training approach?
Facilitators
What is the primary focus of the Needs Analysis stage of the Training Cycle?
Identifying training needs
Only 5% of training experiences are transferred from the training environment to the job.
False
Psychological fidelity refers to the degree of similarity between the training environment and the job environment.
False
High physical fidelity in training requires a lot of time and money.
True
Research suggests that 60% of trained content is transferred immediately after training.
False
A continuous learning climate is not necessary for the maintenance of learned behavior in work organizations.
False
High psychological fidelity can be achieved through simulated tasks that elicit the same knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) as the job.
True
Manager involvement is not necessary for the transfer of training to the job.
False
Clear expectations for the trainee and the manager are not necessary before training.
False
Identifying obstacles to transfer is not necessary for the enhancement of transfer.
False
Transfer of training occurs automatically without the need for any strategies to enhance it.
False
Which type of intervention aims to reduce stress and improve organisational outcomes?
Primary interventions
According to Kompier et al. (1998), which of the following is a critical success factor for interventions?
Employee involvement and participation
What is the purpose of the University Stress Scale?
To identify sources of stress in individuals
Why are primary interventions often expensive and time-consuming?
Because they require significant organisational changes
What is the main advantage of tertiary interventions?
They are less expensive and less disruptive
According to Richardson and Rothstein (2008), which type of intervention may tackle feelings of stress better?
Secondary interventions
What is the consequence of waiting for employees to become stressed before implementing interventions?
Defence against legal action
What is the purpose of stress regulation training?
To improve employee stress responses
According to Bond and Bunce (2001), what is the benefit of primary interventions?
Reducing stress and improving organisational outcomes
What is the main limitation of tertiary interventions?
They must wait for employees to become stressed
Stress can have a positive impact on individuals and organisations.
True
Structural approaches to understanding work-related stress focus on the balance between job demands and control.
True
Resource models of work-related stress suggest that individuals are passive in coping with stress.
False
Transactional theories of work-related stress involve a transaction with our environment.
True
The recommended reading for work-related stress is from the year 2010.
False
The University support for mental health includes a 24-hour mental health helpline and wellbeing app.
True
The SafeZone app is a helpline for mental health support.
False
Students Against Depression is a helpline for mental health support.
False
The Greater Manchester Nightline is a confidential listening and information service.
True
The Samaritans 24/7 Helpline is not a freephone service.
False
What is the primary target of primary interventions in organisational stress management?
The work environment
What percentage of organisations have an explicit strategy to manage staff stress and well-being, according to CIPD statistics?
42%
What type of social support involves providing information or guidance to help an individual?
Informational support
What is the primary focus of tertiary interventions in organisational stress management?
Rehabilitating individuals with stress-related conditions
What is the term used to describe secondary interventions that aim to help employees cope with the work environment?
Inoculation treatment
What is the primary goal of primary interventions in organisational stress management?
To identify and address the root causes of stress
What type of social support involves showing empathy and understanding to an individual?
Emotional support
What percentage of organisations use Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs), according to CIPD statistics?
31%
What is the primary focus of secondary interventions in organisational stress management?
The individual's coping mechanisms
What type of social support involves providing tangible assistance or resources to an individual?
Instrumental support
What is the main reason why making job applications anonymous has been beneficial for women and individuals from non-Western backgrounds?
It reduces the potential for bias in the selection process.
What is the primary purpose of the Equality Act 2010?
To provide a framework for employers to comply with the law.
In what circumstances may it be lawful for an employer to specify that applicants for a job must have a particular protected characteristic?
When the job requires a particular protected characteristic and it is crucial to the post.
What is the primary issue with having too many tests in the selection process?
It may lead to applicant fatigue.
What is the main benefit of conducting an Organisational Needs Analysis?
It helps to identify the key skills and competencies required for the job.
What is the relationship between high achieving, early career women in Mathematical subjects and their likelihood of being shortlisted for interviews?
They are less likely to be shortlisted for interviews.
What is the main issue with biased measures of career success?
They are a contributing factor to systemic career inequity.
What is the purpose of the job description and person specification in the selection process?
To inform the development of assessment methods.
What is the primary benefit of briefing participants after the application process?
It helps to improve the candidate experience.
What is the main issue with the selection process being a two-way street?
It may be influenced by the needs and preferences of both the organisation and the candidate.
An employer is not required to make reasonable adjustments if a disabled employee or job applicant does not ask for adjustments.
False
The use of AI in recruitment and selection can never unfairly exclude applicants based on bias against disability and neurodiversity.
False
Traditional platforms such as newspapers and JobCentre Plus are on the rise in recruitment.
False
Job analyses and person specifications help create poor selection methods.
False
The pandemic has decreased the use of technology in recruitment and selection.
False
Using technology in recruitment and selection can lead to biased decisions.
True
An employer can claim an occupational requirement if there is no reasonable and less discriminatory way of achieving the same aim.
True
Reasonable adjustments are only made for disabled employees and not for job applicants.
False
Developing good selection procedures is not important for finding the best candidates.
False
Conducting interviews is an outdated method of recruitment and selection.
False
What is a characteristic of an individual with high Openness to Experience?
Intellectual/abstract
Which personality dimension is associated with being organized and thorough?
Conscientiousness
What is a characteristic of an individual with low Agreeableness?
Suspicious of others
Which field is associated with high Extraversion?
Sales
What is a characteristic of an individual with high Neuroticism?
Anxious
Which personality dimension is associated with creativity and artistic interests?
Openness to Experience
What is a characteristic of an individual with low Conscientiousness?
More disorganized
Which field is associated with high Agreeableness?
Healthcare
What is a characteristic of an individual with high Extraversion?
Outgoing
Which personality dimension is associated with emotional stability?
Neuroticism
Self-report method of measuring personality is prone to changes in health, mood, and personal situation.
True
Big Five model of personality includes a factor on honesty/humility.
False
Other-report method of measuring personality is less prone to biases compared to self-report method.
True
Personality implies traits and behaviors that are unstable and change over time.
False
Big Five model is the most widely accepted model of personality, but it has been criticized for being too simplistic.
True
The interactionist trait + state approach is the most widely used approach in the study of personality.
False
Self-report method of measuring personality is the most popular method currently in use.
True
The 11+ Factor Model includes 74 personality traits.
True
SPI (Spirituality) is a recognized factor in the Big Five model of personality.
False
HEXACO model includes a factor on spirituality.
False
What is the primary focus of the emergent approach to change?
A continuous, messy, non-linear, and unpredictable process of change
What is a limitation of Kotter's 8-Step Change Model?
It assumes a punctuated and linear approach to change
What is the primary focus of managing resistance to change?
Viewing resistance to change as a necessary part of the change process
What is a characteristic of an organizational culture of change?
A flatter organizational structure
What is the primary focus of Toyota's Commitment to Continuous Improvement?
An emergent approach to change
What is a limitation of the planned approach to change?
It downplays the importance of power and politics
What is the primary focus of the emergent approach to change management?
Managing change as a bottom-up process
What is a characteristic of organizational learning?
A focus on empowerment and involvement of employees
What is the primary focus of managerial behavior in the emergent approach to change?
Managers as facilitators and coaches
What is the primary focus of large-scale transformation?
An emergent approach to change
Explore the good and bad aspects of teams in a work psychology context. Reflect on your own experience with unsuccessful teams and identify the reasons behind their failure.
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