Introduction to the Study of Language Course

The study of how language is structured and used.

The study of the mental processes involved in language, such as perception, comprehension, and production.

The study of how language is used in social contexts, including variation, dialects, and social groups.

The study of language structure, focusing on how words are formed and combined.

The study of how sounds are used in language.

The study of how sounds are organized and used in a specific language.

The study of how language is used in a particular context.

The study of the meanings of words and phrases.

The idea that language was given to humans by a divine being, often a god or gods.

The story of Adam naming animals in the Bible supports the idea of God giving humans language.

The biblical tale of the Tower of Babel explains the origin of different languages as punishment from God.

The theory that language originated directly from sounds in nature. Things in nature sound like what they are.

The hypothesis that language developed as a result of social interactions among early humans, with a focus on the need for communication.

The theory that language evolved due to human physical adaptations like the vocal tract and brain structures.

The proposal that language originated from the need for early humans to communicate about tools and technology.

The theory that language is rooted in our genes and passed down through generations like any other biological trait.

The belief that a God-given language existed before human languages were developed.

A belief that a language learned without exposure to other languages could reveal the original language, given by God, to humankind.

An experiment involving a king in ancient Egypt, who attempted to discover the original language by raising infants in isolation with goats and a shepherd.

The word 'bekos', purportedly uttered by the infants in Psamtik's experiment, which was believed to be the Phrygian word for 'bread'.

The supposed original language discovered in Psamtik's experiment. But it's not actually a language.

An experiment conducted by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, involving raising infants in isolation to discover the original language. However, the children did not survive due to the lack of care and interaction.

An experiment conducted by King James IV of Scotland where infants were raised in isolation to discover the original language. The claimed outcome was that the children spoke Hebrew, but this is widely considered unreliable.

The practice of isolating infants from any language exposure, done in hopes of revealing the original language. However, these experiments suffer from serious ethical and scientific flaws.

The theory that language developed from imitating natural sounds, like 'whoosh' or 'bang'.

The theory that language originated from grunts and cries used to coordinate actions during physical tasks.

The theory that language developed as a result of emotional expressions, like pain, surprise, or disgust.

The idea that human language is not directly linked to the natural world, and most words have arbitrary meanings.

A theory that language develops due to certain biological changes that occur during the human development process.

The hypothesis that there is a critical period for language acquisition, during which children are most receptive to learning a language. If a child is not exposed to language during this period, they may have difficulty acquiring it later.

The ability to produce speech sounds, which is a characteristic of modern humans.

They are the body parts responsible for creating sounds; includes teeth, mouth, lips, larynx, pharynx and tongue.

A feature found in humans, where the teeth are aligned vertically, unlike apes, which have slanted teeth. This allows for a wider range of sounds such as "f," "v," and "th."

Humans have a smaller mouth compared to other primates, allowing for faster opening and closing, which is essential for rapid speech production.

Humans have more flexible lips due to their complex muscle structure, enabling a wider range of sounds, such as "m," "p," and "b."

A human feature resulting from our upright posture, allowing us to control airflow and produce a wider range of sounds.,

Also known as the voice box, contains vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound. It's located lower in humans than in other primates, which contributes to the development of speech.

The ability to close off the nasal passage, creating greater air pressure in the mouth, which helps with sound production.

The theory that language evolved from the need for early humans to communicate about tools and technology.

The ability to use tools and produce language are controlled by areas of the brain that are close to each other, suggesting a connection.

The theory that language is rooted in our genes and passed down through generations.

The theory that human babies are born with a biological capacity for language.

Early humans likely preferred to use their right hand, and this preference was linked to the development of tool-making abilities.

The human brain has two hemispheres, each responsible for different cognitive functions.

The theory that language evolved as a result of social interactions among early humans.