Questions and Answers
Catalysts for the Information Age include low-cost computers and high-speed communication ______.
networks
The Samsung Galaxy S9 Plus exemplifies a product of the Information Age with its functions such as phone, text messager, and ______.
camera
Emerging technologies in the Information Age include voice-activated digital assistants and self-driving ______.
cars
One of the milestones in computing is the development of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Information technology issues are one of the key topics addressed in the study of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Video streaming services are part of the ______ technologies that have emerged in recent years.
Signup and view all the answers
In the Information Age, there is unprecedented access to ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Milestones in networking have greatly enhanced the way ______ is shared and accessed.
Signup and view all the answers
In the year 1950, only a handful of electronic digital ______ existed.
Signup and view all the answers
Contemporary world includes networked devices containing embedded ______ that surround us.
Signup and view all the answers
The dynamic between people and technology suggests that once technology is ______, it changes society.
Signup and view all the answers
Experiences with technology can cause physical changes in ______, such as in London taxi drivers.
Signup and view all the answers
The introduction of automobiles increased ______ but also led to traffic problems.
Signup and view all the answers
The cash register was a response to the need for accurate sales ______ in department stores.
Signup and view all the answers
Punched cards were used in the late 19th century to record ______ for various industries.
Signup and view all the answers
I B M's machines were used by the Nazis to conduct censuses and generate lists of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The first commercial computer, the U N I V A C, was delivered to the U.S. Bureau of the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The social conditions in the Gilded Age in America led to a fierce market for ______.
Signup and view all the answers
FORTRAN was designed for ______ applications.
Signup and view all the answers
COBOL is considered a standard for ______ applications.
Signup and view all the answers
BASIC was developed at ______ College.
Signup and view all the answers
The microprocessor, a computer inside a semiconductor chip, was invented in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ provides a decentralized design to improve network survivability.
Signup and view all the answers
The technology that allowed distance operations in early computing was the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The IBM System/360 allowed users to ______ without rewriting programs.
Signup and view all the answers
The Altair 8800 was a significant early model of a ______ computer.
Signup and view all the answers
The telegraph was funded by the U.S. ______ for its first line.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ was constructed by Alexander Graham Bell and laid the foundation for the first telephone.
Signup and view all the answers
Google's search engine indexes hundreds of billions of ______
Signup and view all the answers
Cloud storage simplifies accessing files from multiple ______
Signup and view all the answers
PageRank measures the ______ and quality of a web page by the number and quality of pages that link to it.
Signup and view all the answers
Information technology includes devices used in creation, storage, manipulation, exchange, and dissemination of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Piracy of copyrighted content has increased due to digitization and the ______ distribution via the Internet.
Signup and view all the answers
Tomlinson at B B N wrote software to send, receive ______ messages.
Signup and view all the answers
Billions of ______ are sent in the U.S. every day.
Signup and view all the answers
Cerf and Kahn designed the T C P/I P ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Broadband is a high-speed ______ connection.
Signup and view all the answers
Cloud computing utilizes remote computing resources over the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Microsoft Office 365 is an example of ______ as a service.
Signup and view all the answers
Gutenberg’s printing press was a powerful mass communication ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Vannevar Bush envisioned ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The first browser, WorldWideWeb, was created by ______ in 1990.
Signup and view all the answers
Mosaic was the first widely used ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Introduction to the Information Age
- Characterized by unprecedented access to information due to low-cost computers and high-speed networks.
- Emerging technologies impact everyday life, including smartphones and self-driving cars.
Milestones in Computing
-
Aids to Manual Calculating:
- Tools have evolved from ancient clay tablets to mechanical calculators like the Arithmometer and Scheutzes' printing calculator.
-
Social Change and Market for Calculators:
- Industrialization in the Gilded Age created demands for efficient bookkeeping tools, leading to the widespread adoption of calculators.
-
Cash Registers:
- Developed in response to department stores' needs to maintain accurate sales records and prevent theft.
-
Punched Card Tabulation:
- Introduced in the late 19th century, revolutionizing data processing for organizations like the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
Impact of Early Computing
-
I.B.M. and World Events:
- I.B.M. played a controversial role during the Holocaust by aiding the Nazi regime in census efforts.
-
First Commercial Computers:
- The UNIVAC propelled the computing industry forward, predicting the 1952 Presidential election results.
Development of Programming Languages
-
Higher-Level Languages:
- Assembly language and FORTRAN facilitated complex program creation, followed by COBOL for business applications.
-
Time-Sharing Systems:
- Enabled multiple users to access mainframe computers simultaneously, making computing more accessible.
Evolution of Hardware
-
Transistors:
- Invented in 1948, these replaced vacuum tubes, leading to smaller, more reliable computers.
-
Integrated Circuits:
- Combined multiple components into a single chip, enhancing speed and reducing costs.
The Rise of Personal Computing
-
Microprocessors:
- Invented in 1970, these made personal computers feasible, catalyzing a computing revolution.
-
Notable Computers:
- The Altair 8800 and the Apple I drove home computer popularity in the late 1970s.
Networking Milestones
-
Telegraph and Telephone:
- The telegraph revolutionized communication in the 19th century, while the telephone blurred lines between public and private lives.
-
ARPANET:
- Established by the Department of Defense, it laid the groundwork for the modern Internet with decentralized communication and packet-switching technology.
Internet Development
-
Creation of E-Mail:
- Developed by Tomlinson, it became a vital communication tool alongside the growth of networking technologies.
-
Google and Search Engines:
- Revolutionized information retrieval on the Internet, utilizing PageRank for better search results.
Storage and Retrieval Innovations
-
Transition from Oral to Written Culture:
- Greek alphabet development represented a shift in information recording, allowing for efficient written communication.
-
Gutenberg's Printing Press:
- Mass-produced texts, facilitating widespread literacy and the spread of ideas, particularly during the Reformation.
The Cloud Computing Era
-
Cloud Technology:
- Enables remote data storage and access over the Internet, supporting flexible and scalable computing solutions like those from AWS and Microsoft Azure.
Information Technology Issues
-
Copyright Piracy:
- The ease of digital duplication spurred illegal downloading, with significant impact on media industries.
-
Cloud Storage Security:
- Raises questions about data safety and ownership, especially regarding personal information and financial transactions.### Loan Applications
- Evaluate credit history instead of conducting personal interviews for approval.
- Offer lower interest rates, but with reduced flexibility for borrowers.
Computers in Embedded Devices
- Liability concerns arise when embedded systems fail and cause harm to humans.
Telecommuting
- Enables time-saving and flexible work hours for employees.
- Raises questions about whether teleworkers are disadvantaged regarding promotions.
Global Communication Network
- Facilitates companies' ability to sell products worldwide.
- Companies can relocate jobs outside of the U.S. as a result of enhanced connectivity.
- Ethical considerations about work conditions in factories in developing countries.
Social Media
- Acts as a platform for democratic ideas and discourse.
- Can be exploited by totalitarian regimes as a tool for control and propaganda.
Information Age Overview
- Current era known as the Information Age, marked by the transformation of technology.
- Modern devices result from centuries of technological advancements.
- Social dynamics drive the emergence of new technologies and their adoption can reshape society.
- Computing professionals hold a responsibility to thoughtfully contribute to future technological developments.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the key developments that have shaped the Information Age, from early manual calculating tools to the rise of computing technology. This quiz delves into how these advancements have influenced society and transformed everyday life, including the roles of smartphones and self-driving cars.
