Introduction to Sociology

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Questions and Answers

How did the combination of language origins contribute to the term 'Sociology'?

  • It combines Latin and Greek roots, signifying both societal structure and the study of society. (correct)
  • It blends Latin legal concepts with Greek societal theories.
  • It connects Latin structural terms with Greek humanistic ideas.
  • It merges English practicality with Greek philosophical depth.

Which approach best captures the comprehensive scope of sociological inquiry?

  • A broad analysis of societal structures and their influence on individual actions. (correct)
  • An intensive examination of individual cognitive processes.
  • An exclusive focus on economic systems and financial markets.
  • A detailed study of personal health and biological factors.

How does the definition of Sociology by Wright and Randall enhance our understanding of social dynamics?

  • It prioritizes the study of isolated behaviors over group dynamics.
  • It focuses on the interconnectedness of people within group settings. (correct)
  • It emphasizes the role of legal systems in structuring social relationships.
  • It highlights the importance of individual psychological states in social interactions.

In what way does Otite & Ogionwo's perspective on sociology broaden the scope of social research?

<p>By emphasizing the importance of social collectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Auguste Comte's view of Sociology as the 'science of society' influence the field's methodology?

<p>It promotes the use of systematic observation and analysis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does classifying Sociology under Social Sciences affect its approach to studying human behavior?

<p>It encourages interdisciplinary approaches with other fields studying human society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Microscopic Sociology contribute to a comprehensive understanding of societal dynamics?

<p>By examining how individual interactions and small group dynamics influence broader social patterns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Industrial Sociology enhance the effectiveness of organizational practices?

<p>By promoting understanding of human relationships in the workplace. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does understanding the Latin etymology of 'science' ('scire' meaning 'to know') influence scientific pursuits?

<p>It highlights the quest for knowledge and understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the scientific emphasis on objectivity enhance the reliability of research findings?

<p>By ensuring findings are consistent and verifiable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is observation considered the foundational step in the scientific method?

<p>It initiates inquiry based on empirical evidence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does framing a hypothesis as a 'testable, informed guess' influence the direction of scientific inquiry?

<p>It guides systematic testing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does objectivity, as a feature of the scientific attitude, strengthen the validity of research findings?

<p>By minimizing bias in data interpretation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Sociology's reliance on systematic observation differentiate it from non-scientific approaches to understanding social phenomena?

<p>It relies on empirical evidence and rigorous analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does focusing on human behavior, instead of physical phenomena, redefine the methodologies employed in Sociology compared to those used in natural sciences?

<p>It requires adapting methods to capture subjective experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the study of human interactions and relationships affect the scope of social sciences?

<p>By expanding to include cultural, economic, and political dimensions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the exclusion of Astronomy from the divisions of Sociology highlight the unique focus of sociological inquiry?

<p>It emphasizes Sociology's focus on social structures and human interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Sociology’s methodological alignment with other social sciences enhance its analytical capabilities?

<p>It allows for interdisciplinary approaches. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is biology typically excluded from the traditional classification of social sciences?

<p>It mainly studies biological and physical aspects of life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the notion of Sociology as the 'Queen of the Social Sciences' underscore its role in interdisciplinary studies?

<p>It highlights Sociology's broad perspective for integrating various social science disciplines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sociology

The study of human society and social behavior.

Sociology (Wright & Randall)

The study of relationships between people in groups

Sociology (Otite & Ogionwo)

Sociology is concerned with social aggregates and groups.

Sociology - Auguste Comte

Sociology is the 'science of society'.

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Microscopic Sociology

The study of smaller social units, such as individuals within groups.

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Industrial Sociology

Concerned with the study of human relationships in the workplace.

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Scire

To know.

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Hypothesis

A testable, informed guess.

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Sociology as a Science

Based on systematic and scientific observation.

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Sociology vs. Natural Sciences

It focuses on human behavior rather than physical phenomena.

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Social Sciences Study

Human interactions and relationships.

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Sociology and Social Sciences

Sociology shares themes and methods with the social sciences.

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Sociology vs. Common Sense

Based on scientific evidence.

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Sociology Definition

The study of human society and human social behavior.

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Precondition of Science

It must have an object specific to it.

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Empirical

Based on observation and experience.

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Goal of Sociology

To understand human social relationships and patterns.

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Sociology & Scientific Method

Sociology applies systematic observation and analysis.

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Sociology as Science

It uses scientific methods to study human behavior.

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Social vs Natural Sciences

Social sciences study human behavior, while natural sciences study physical phenomena.

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Study Notes

Origin of Sociology

  • The term 'Sociology' originates from Latin and Greek roots.

Definition of Sociology

  • Sociology studies human society and social behavior.
  • Wright and Randall defined sociology as the study of relationships between people living together in groups.
  • Otite & Ogionwo state sociology concerns the study of social aggregates and groups.
  • Auguste Comte referred to Sociology as the “science of society”.

Classification of Sociology

  • Sociology is classified under the social sciences.
  • Microscopic Sociology studies smaller social units, such as individuals within groups.
  • Industrial Sociology examines human relationships in the workplace.

Science Defined

  • The term 'science' comes from the Latin word 'scire,' meaning 'to know'.
  • Science relies on systematic observation, is dynamic, ever-expanding, and follows a scientific method.
  • Science is NOT based on personal opinions.

Scientific Method

  • Observation is the first step in the scientific method.
  • A hypothesis is a testable, informed guess.
  • Scientific attitude includes curiosity and respect for accuracy and experimentation.
  • Scientific attitude excludes bias in conclusions.

Sociology as a Science

  • Sociology is based on systematic and scientific observation.
  • Sociology focuses on human behavior rather than physical phenomena, unlike natural sciences.
  • Sociology applies systematic observation and analysis making it a science.
  • Sociology uses scientific methods to study human behavior; thus, it is considered a science.
  • Sociology differs from common sense because it is based on scientific evidence.
  • The goal of Sociology as a science is to understand human social relationships and patterns.

Social Sciences

  • Social sciences study human interactions and relationships.
  • Sociology shares themes and methods with other social sciences.

Divisions of Sociology

  • Medical Sociology and Criminology are divisions of Sociology.
  • Sociology of Religion is also a division of sociology.
  • Astronomy is NOT a division of sociology.

Disciplines

  • Economics, Anthropology, and Political Science are traditionally considered social sciences.
  • Biology is NOT traditionally considered a social science.

Sociology Scope

  • Sociology has the broadest scope in studying human behavior, leading to the idea that it is the ‘Queen of the Social Sciences’.

Science Requirements

  • A precondition of science is having a specific object of study.

Empirical Evidence

  • 'Empirical' in scientific research means based on observation and experience.

Social Science vs Natural Science

  • Social sciences study human behavior, while natural sciences study physical phenomena.

Debate on Sociology

  • Sociology's classification as a science is debated because it has not yet developed universal laws.

Scientific Discoveries

  • The scientific method is the process of discovering and organizing knowledge in science.

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