Introduction to Site Reliability Engineering
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Site Reliability Engineering?

  • Enhancing user experience
  • Achieving the appropriate level of reliability (correct)
  • Ensuring sustainable growth
  • Improving software features

Which of the following organizations is NOT mentioned as adopting SRE?

  • Bloomberg
  • Home Depot
  • Standard Chartered Bank
  • IBM (correct)

Which aspect is typically associated with Site Reliability Engineering?

  • Traditional project management
  • Mobile app development
  • Incident response (correct)
  • Content creation

How does SRE differ from traditional IT operations?

<p>SRE is focused on software engineering principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best defines SRE as a discipline?

<p>A discipline dedicated to large-scale service reliability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in mapping user journeys?

<p>Set measurable objectives for your service (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is emphasized after prioritizing the most important user journey?

<p>Define what 'good' means to users (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does defining the SLIs contribute to a service?

<p>It enhances visibility into service performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of making the service 'observable'?

<p>It allows for effective troubleshooting and performance monitoring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After mapping out high-level system components, what should be the next focus?

<p>Define the SLIs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SLO stand for?

<p>Service Level Objective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Latency refers to which of the following?

<p>The time taken for a response to be delivered to a user (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two factors contribute significantly to a higher risk of exceeding an error budget?

<p>A big-bang release (B), Rejecting all HTTP requests between 11pm and 12pm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of adopting SLOs in conjunction with users?

<p>Less chance the user experience will be compromised (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recognized as an SLO?

<p>Total cost of ownership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically true about response time?

<p>It measures the interaction speed with a service (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a big-bang release?

<p>High risk due to simultaneous deployment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does error budget help teams manage?

<p>Acceptable levels of service failures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

SLI’s are best represented as:

<p>A ratio of two numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach would you use to measure the internal performance of a service?

<p>Application Performance Management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a popular monitoring tool?

<p>Prometheus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not a technical element of observability?

<p>Number of failed logins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Application Performance Management (APM) primarily focus on?

<p>Monitoring software performance and availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of agents in the monitoring anatomy?

<p>To check execution and pass information to the core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tools is NOT categorized under monitoring or logging?

<p>Jenkins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the core in the monitoring structure?

<p>To aggregate data and respond to alerts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the intention behind monitoring SLI's?

<p>To ensure effective monitoring without excessive alerts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'SLI' refer to in monitoring contexts?

<p>Service Level Indicator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of graphing in the monitoring architecture?

<p>To visualize data over time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for detecting anomalies in monitored systems?

<p>Core (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'thresholds' in the context of monitoring?

<p>Limits that trigger alerts when exceeded (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Greek root 'tele' in the word telemetry signify?

<p>Remote (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes toil?

<p>Work that is manual, repetitive, and devoid of enduring value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies toil?

<p>Constantly resetting passwords manually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of toil?

<p>High-level strategic planning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does toil mainly affect individuals according to the provided content?

<p>It leads to slow progress due to manual work. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these tasks is clearly identified as toil?

<p>Running a manual start/reset of equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does toil scale as a service grows?

<p>It scales linearly, increasing the amount of manual work needed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a condition that is NOT considered toil?

<p>Conducting regular development tasks for new features (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does high toil have on organizations?

<p>Leads to insufficient value opportunities due to manual work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example is a common misconception about toil?

<p>Toil can include strategic meetings. (B), Toil is enjoyable work. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of work are categorized as toil?

<p>Manual, repetitive, and automatable tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements best encapsulates why toil is detrimental?

<p>It consumes valuable time that could be spent on innovative work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among these options, which best explains the term 'manual work' in the context of toil?

<p>Work that is carried out without automation and involves repetitive tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential benefit of reducing toil in a workplace?

<p>Increased time for strategic initiatives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is work considered tactical rather than strategic?

<p>When it is manual and does not add long-term value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

SRE Definition

Site Reliability Engineering is an engineering discipline focusing on system reliability for large services.

SRE Key Components

SRE includes scalability, availability, incident response, and automation.

SRE vs DevOps

While both SRE and DevOps aim for efficiency and reliability, SRE focuses specifically on system reliability (availability, scaling, etc.)

SRE Organizations

Many large organizations (e.g. Standard Chartered, UK Dept of Work & Pensions, Home Depot) employ SRE.

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SRE Scope

SRE is an engineering topic for large-scale services.

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SLO

A Service Level Objective is a target for the performance of a service, such as uptime or response time. It's based on the needs of users and defines acceptable service behaviour.

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Response time

The time taken for a service to respond to a user's request, measured from the moment the request is sent to the moment a response is received.

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Latency

The delay in receiving a response from a service, often caused by network or server delays.

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Error budget

A defined amount of service downtime or degraded performance that is allowed without impacting user experience. It allows engineers to focus on new features and innovation.

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What is the impact of exceeding an error budget?

Exceeding an error budget can lead to a degraded user experience, as the service may be unavailable or slow. It can also trigger alarms and require engineers to investigate and fix issues.

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How can SLOs help with user experience?

SLOs prioritize the user experience by defining the service's performance goals which are based on user needs. This ensures the service meets user expectations and quality.

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What is a big-bang release?

A big-bang release is a single, large deployment of new code or features, which can introduce more risk of exceeding the error budget.

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What is a benefit of automating user creation?

Automating user creation is a helpful practice that reduces the risk of manual errors, which can improve the reliability of the system.

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Toil Definition

Repetitive, manual, automatable tasks in production services that lack lasting value and scale linearly with service growth.

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Toil Example

Constantly resetting passwords for users.

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Is it Toil?

To determine if work is toil, consider if it's manual, repetitive, automatable, tactical, has no lasting value, and scales linearly with service growth.

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Toil Impact on Individuals

High toil can slow progress, lead to burnout, and make it difficult to focus on impactful work.

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Toil Impact on Organizations

High toil slows down feature releases, wastes resources, and can lead to missed opportunities.

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Toil vs. Regular Work

Toil is NOT regular work like attending meetings or development tasks. It's repetitive, manual activities that could be automated.

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Toil Reduction Goal

The goal of toil reduction is to free up time and resources for more valuable work, improve efficiency, and increase reliability.

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Toil Reduction Benefits

Reducing toil benefits individuals by allowing them to focus on impactful work and organizations by boosting efficiency and delivering features faster.

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Manual Toil Example

Manually deploying code to production.

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Repetitive Toil Example

Repeating the same test for every code change.

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Automatable Toil Example

Creating new users manually.

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Tactical Toil Example

Responding to alerts that require manual investigation.

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No Enduring Value Toil Example

Fixing the same bug over and over again.

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Linear Scaling Toil Example

Manually provisioning servers as the service grows.

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User Journey Mapping

Visualizing the steps a user takes when interacting with a service to understand their experience.

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Set Measurable Objectives

Defining specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals for a service to ensure success.

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Define 'Good' for Users

Understanding what constitutes a satisfactory user experience for a service, based on user needs and expectations.

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High-Level System Components

Mapping out the key parts of a service, like the database, web server, and user interface.

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Service Level Indicator (SLI)

A metric that measures a specific aspect of a service's performance, like response time or error rate.

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Telemetering

The process of measuring and transmitting data from remote locations, especially for monitoring and managing systems.

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What does APM stand for?

Application Performance Management

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APM's goal

To detect and diagnose issues in software applications to maintain a desired level of service.

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Monitoring Agents

Software components installed on the hosts to be monitored. They collect data and send it to the core monitoring system.

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Monitoring Core

The central system that receives data from agents, processes it, and generates alerts and graphs.

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Monitoring UI

A user interface used to visualize monitored data, display alerts, and configure monitoring settings.

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Monitoring Alerting

Notifying relevant people about issues detected in the monitored system.

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Monitoring Anomalies

Unexpected deviations in monitored data, indicating potential problems.

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Monitoring Graphing

Visualizing monitored data over time, making it easier to spot trends and detect problems.

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What are SLI's?

Service Level Indicators (SLI) are metrics that measure the performance of a service. Examples are response time, error rate, availability.

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What is the best way to represent an SLI?

SLIs are best represented as a ratio of two numbers, often a percentage. For example, an SLI of 99.9% uptime means the service was available 99.9% of the time.

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Application Performance Management (APM)

APM is a technique used to monitor and improve the performance of applications, including internal components and their interactions. It helps identify bottlenecks and performance issues within the application.

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Popular Monitoring Tool

Prometheus is a popular open-source monitoring and alerting system used to collect and analyze metrics for services. It allows you to track and visualize performance data.

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Technical Element of Observability

Internal performance data, such as response times, error rates, and resource utilization, is a key technical element of observability. It provides insights into how the service is behaving internally.

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