Introduction to Science and Biology

Science

• Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
• It uses observation, experimentation, and deduction to understand natural phenomena.
• Science is characterized by its empirical method, relying on observation and evidence.
• The scientific method involves formulating a question, creating a hypothesis, designing an experiment, collecting data, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.
• Different branches of science investigate various aspects of the natural world.

Biology

• Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms: their origins, properties, classifications, evolution, distribution, and functions.
• Key concepts include cells as the fundamental unit of life, energy flow through ecosystems, genetics, and evolutionary relationships between species.
• Biologists investigate a diverse range of topics, from the molecular mechanisms within cells to the complex interactions within ecosystems.
• Key branches within biology encompass:
  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology
  • Physiology
  • Zoology
  • Botany
• Understanding biological processes requires knowledge of chemistry and physics.

Chemistry

• Chemistry is the science that deals with the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atoms and molecules.
• It studies the properties of elements and compounds, as well as the changes that occur when substances interact.
• Chemistry explains the behavior of matter at the atomic and molecular level.
• Topics include:
  • Atomic structure
  • Chemical bonding
  • Stoichiometry
  • Thermodynamics
  • Reaction kinetics
  • Organic chemistry
  • Inorganic chemistry
  • Physical chemistry
• The principles of chemistry underpin many other sciences.

Physics

• Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its motion and behavior through space and time, and related concepts such as energy and force.
• It is the most fundamental science, providing a framework for understanding other sciences.
• Core concepts include:
  • Mechanics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Electromagnetism
  • Optics
  • Quantum mechanics
• Physics seeks to discover fundamental laws governing the natural world.
• Physics plays a critical role in advancing technology.
• Applications of physics include engineering, technology, and medicine.
• Physics models utilize mathematical descriptions of physical phenomena.

This quiz covers the foundational concepts of science and biology, exploring the scientific method and the study of living organisms. It highlights key principles such as observation, experimentation, and various aspects of life. Test your understanding of how these disciplines shape our knowledge of the natural world.