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Questions and Answers
What does a ratio schedule primarily depend on for reinforcement?
What does a ratio schedule primarily depend on for reinforcement?
Which schedule allows for reinforcement on every occurrence of the response?
Which schedule allows for reinforcement on every occurrence of the response?
In a fixed interval schedule, what is the primary determining factor for providing reinforcement?
In a fixed interval schedule, what is the primary determining factor for providing reinforcement?
Which of the following best defines a variable ratio schedule?
Which of the following best defines a variable ratio schedule?
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What term is used for a schedule where reinforcement is contingent upon time intervals and not on the number of responses?
What term is used for a schedule where reinforcement is contingent upon time intervals and not on the number of responses?
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What typically occurs immediately after reinforcement in a Fixed-Ratio Schedule?
What typically occurs immediately after reinforcement in a Fixed-Ratio Schedule?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes Variable-Ratio schedules?
Which of the following statements correctly describes Variable-Ratio schedules?
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What is represented by the slope of the line in a cumulative record?
What is represented by the slope of the line in a cumulative record?
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What occurs when a fixed ratio requirement is suddenly increased?
What occurs when a fixed ratio requirement is suddenly increased?
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How does Continuous Reinforcement impact the delivery of reinforcers?
How does Continuous Reinforcement impact the delivery of reinforcers?
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What is the primary function of a schedule of reinforcement?
What is the primary function of a schedule of reinforcement?
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In a simple reinforcement schedule, which factor influences the reinforcement of an instrumental response?
In a simple reinforcement schedule, which factor influences the reinforcement of an instrumental response?
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Which of the following would NOT typically be considered a part of a reinforcement schedule?
Which of the following would NOT typically be considered a part of a reinforcement schedule?
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Which statement best describes a simple schedule of reinforcement?
Which statement best describes a simple schedule of reinforcement?
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What influence do schedules of reinforcement have on learning?
What influence do schedules of reinforcement have on learning?
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What is the primary consequence of responding in the context of feedback function?
What is the primary consequence of responding in the context of feedback function?
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Which mathematical representation correctly describes the relative rate of reinforcement for an alternative response?
Which mathematical representation correctly describes the relative rate of reinforcement for an alternative response?
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What characterizes a concurrent schedule in behavioral experiments?
What characterizes a concurrent schedule in behavioral experiments?
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Short inter-response times primarily motivate behavior through which mechanism?
Short inter-response times primarily motivate behavior through which mechanism?
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In measuring choice behavior, how is the relative rate of responding calculated?
In measuring choice behavior, how is the relative rate of responding calculated?
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What characterizes a Fixed-Interval Schedule (FI) in the context of reinforcement?
What characterizes a Fixed-Interval Schedule (FI) in the context of reinforcement?
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What is a key result of using Variable Interval (VI) schedules compared to Fixed Interval schedules?
What is a key result of using Variable Interval (VI) schedules compared to Fixed Interval schedules?
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In comparing Ratio and Interval schedules, what uniquely characterizes the responding observed in Fixed Ratio (FR) and Fixed Interval (FI) schedules?
In comparing Ratio and Interval schedules, what uniquely characterizes the responding observed in Fixed Ratio (FR) and Fixed Interval (FI) schedules?
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Which of the following best describes the primary factor determining when reinforcement becomes available in interval schedules?
Which of the following best describes the primary factor determining when reinforcement becomes available in interval schedules?
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What is a notable characteristic of responding on Variable Ratio (VR) schedules compared to Fixed schedules?
What is a notable characteristic of responding on Variable Ratio (VR) schedules compared to Fixed schedules?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Schedules of Reinforcement
- A schedule of reinforcement is a program or rule that dictates when a behavior is followed by a reinforcer.
- It influences how an instrumental response is learned and maintained through reinforcement.
- Simple schedules use a single factor to determine reinforcement. This factor can be the number of responses made or the time elapsed since the last response.
Types of Schedules of Reinforcement
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Interval Schedules: Reinforcement is based on the passage of time.
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Fixed-Interval (FI): Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed amount of time.
- A pause in responding occurs immediately following reinforcement.
- Response rate increases near the end of the interval.
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Variable-Interval (VI): Reinforcement is delivered after varying amounts of time.
- Responses are relatively consistent.
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Fixed-Interval (FI): Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed amount of time.
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Ratio Schedules: Reinforcement is contingent on a specific number of responses.
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Fixed-Ratio (FR): Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses.
- A post-reinforcement pause typically occurs.
- High, steady rates of response are characteristic.
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Variable-Ratio (VR): Reinforcement is delivered after a varying number of responses.
- Very high and steady rates are characteristic.
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Fixed-Ratio (FR): Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses.
Ratio Schedules
- Continuous Reinforcement (CRF): Every response results in reinforcement.
- Partial/Intermittent Reinforcement: Reinforcement isn't given after every response.
Fixed Ratio
- Fixed-Ratio Schedule (FR): Reinforcement is delivered after a set number of responses.
- A cumulative record shows a stair-step pattern.
- Post-reinforcement pause: A decrease in response rate immediately after reinforcement.
Variable Ratio
- Variable-Ratio Schedule (VR): Reinforcement is delivered after a variable number of responses.
- Cumulative and steady response rate is typical.
Interval Schedules
- Fixed-Interval Schedule (FI): Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed period of time, regardless of the number of responses.
- Variable-Interval Schedule (VI): Reinforcement is delivered after a variable period of time, regardless of the number of responses.
Comparison of Ratio and Interval Schedules
- Fixed and variable ratio schedules usually produce faster and steadier rates of responding than fixed and variable interval schedules.
- Fixed ratio and fixed interval schedules typically have a pause in responding immediately after reinforcement.
Concurrent Schedules
- Concurrent schedules allow a subject to choose between different response options and reinforcement schedules.
Measures of Choice Behavior
- Relative rate of response and reinforcement earned by the response option are used to measure preference.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of schedules of reinforcement, detailing how they dictate the timing and frequency of reinforcements in behavior learning. It covers both interval and ratio schedules, highlighting their mechanisms and effects on behavior. Test your understanding of fixed and variable schedules with this informative quiz!
