Introduction to Public Health Administration

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary role of the dispensary established by Juan Clemente in Manila?

To provide education on medical practices

To conduct research on infectious diseases

To treat indigents (correct)

To distribute vaccines to the general population

Which institution was recognized as the first medical school in the Philippines?

University of the Philippines

San Agustin University

University of Santo Tomas (correct)

Ateneo de Manila University

What impact did the creation of vaccinators have on public health?

Enhanced public health efforts

Led to greater malaria outbreaks

Increased mortality rates

Decreased disease prevalence (correct)

Which of the following health issues saw an increase due to poor health conditions identified during the Spanish period?

Deaths from smallpox, cholera, and typhoid Signup and view all the answers

What function did the first public health laboratory serve during the indicated health efforts?

Disease testing and prevention Signup and view all the answers

Which test was utilized to determine the causes of diphtheria?

Schick Test Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant health challenges faced before the Americans came to the Philippines?

High rates of typhoid fever Signup and view all the answers

What initiative was launched to combat Hookworm in the Philippines?

Campaign against Hookworm Signup and view all the answers

What significant public health program was established in the Commonwealth Period?

Operation Timbang Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was created during the Commonwealth Period to address public health research?

UP School of Public Health Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the major health issues during the Japanese occupation period?

Rise in mortality from tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What significant action was taken under the Aquino administration for health care?

Introduction of a milk code Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was not a focus of health during the Martial Law years?

Promotion of family planning Signup and view all the answers

Which act was implemented to prohibit discrimination against women during the Aquino administration?

Republic Act 6725 Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the increase in malnutrition during the Japanese occupation?

Worsened health conditions and increased disease incidence Signup and view all the answers

What major public health responsibility was assigned to one municipal health officer in rural areas under the post-World War II initiatives?

Implementation of health services and monitoring Signup and view all the answers

Which organization’s Western Pacific Office chose Manila as its headquarters?

World Health Organization (WHO) Signup and view all the answers

What major health improvement was promoted alongside the development of maternal and child health during the Commonwealth Period?

Launch of NUTRIBUN for infants and children Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant health initiative promoted during Juan Flavier's leadership?

Establishment of the National Immunization Day Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccine is part of the immunization program launched during the period?

Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Kung Sila’y Mahal Mo Magplano' program focus on?

Family Planning education Signup and view all the answers

The term 'Yosi Kadiri' refers to which public health initiative?

Anti-smoking campaign Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of public health as highlighted in the content?

It deals with preventive measures at a population level. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following centers was established during Juan Flavier's tenure?

Philippine Children Medical Center Signup and view all the answers

What health issue did the 'Araw ng Sangkap Pinoy' program aim to address?

Vitamin A, Iron, and Iodine deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What was the former name of the Department of Health during Flavier's leadership?

Ministry of Health Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Executive Order No. 39?

To create the Philippines National AIDS Council Signup and view all the answers

Which act promotes voluntary blood donation?

Republic Act of 7719 Signup and view all the answers

What does public health primarily focus on?

The health of all people through social actions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of public health activities?

To reduce disease, premature death, and discomfort Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of family in the context of public health?

Family roles influence health care responsibilities and dynamics. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does Republic Act of 8172 address?

Salt iodization for health improvements Signup and view all the answers

How do public health activities adapt over time?

They adapt to changing technology and social values. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a community?

A group of people with common characteristics living within a defined territory. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Public Health Act of 1848?

To improve public sanitation conditions with local support Signup and view all the answers

What did John Snow challenge regarding the cholera outbreak?

The miasma theory that cholera was airborne Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following figures is recognized as a founder of epidemiology?

John Snow Signup and view all the answers

What consequence did physicians face if they did not report unsafe treatments in the Middle Ages?

They could be charged with concealing a crime. Signup and view all the answers

How long did Galen's teachings remain unquestioned?

1400 years Signup and view all the answers

What did Edwin Chadwick emphasize in his report on public health?

The need for local authority support in sanitation efforts Signup and view all the answers

What was the assumed cause of cholera before John Snow's research?

Bad air (miasma) Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant aspect of John Snow’s essay published in 1849?

It introduced the theory that cholera is waterborne. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historical Foundations of Public Health

Edwin Chadwick reported on sanitary conditions for laboring populations in 1842 but faced government neglect.
The Public Health Act of 1848 was established, allowing local authorities to make improvements based on support from tax-paying citizens.

Key Figures in Epidemiology

John Snow identified a cholera outbreak in 1854, disproving the miasma theory by demonstrating that cholera is waterborne.
Snow's influential work, "On the Mode of Communication of Cholera," led to foundational changes in public health responses.

Public Health Development during Spanish Rule

Initiatives such as the establishment of vaccinators for smallpox prevention and a Board of Health were introduced.
The first medical school in the Philippines, UST, was founded along with various health facilities and a public health laboratory.

Commonwealth Period (1936-1941)

Focus shifted to the epidemiology of diseases like diphtheria, yaws, and dengue.
The creation of the UP School of Public Health and the Dept. of Public Health and Welfare in 1939 marked significant advancements in public health infrastructure.

Japanese Occupation / World War II Impact

Public health activities were largely paralyzed, leading to increased incidences of TB, malaria, and malnutrition.

Post World War II Developments

The Philippines gained independence with significant health policies introduced in the 1987 Constitution, enhancing comprehensive healthcare.
Major initiatives included the Milk Code, child and mother immunization programs, and several Republic Acts to support women's rights and health policies.

Ramos Administration Innovations

Focus on community-driven health initiatives branded as “Health in the Hands of People.”
Major vaccination campaigns were launched, including National Immunization Day for diseases such as measles, and promotion of traditional medicine.

Characteristics of Public Health

Emphasis on prevention over treatment, addressing health at the population level rather than individual cases.

Community Definition and Concepts

Communities are defined as groups with common interests within a specific geographical area, and public health’s focus extends into community engagement and family health dynamics.
Distinction made between patient (sick individual) and client (healthy individual).

Legislative Framework for Health Initiatives

Enactments such as the National Blood Services Act and salt iodization laws were established to endorse health practices and address specific public health challenges, like HIV-AIDS.

Ongoing Changes and Public Health Goals

Public health is always evolving in response to advancements in science and societal values, with a consistent aim to reduce disease and improve overall health outcomes in the community.

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Description

This quiz covers the foundational concepts of public health administration, focusing on key historical reports and figures such as Edwin Chadwick and Galen. Students will explore the evolution of public health practices and policies from the past to the present.