Introduction to Psychology

<p>Naturalistic Observation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Informed Consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overgeneralizing conclusions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sociocultural Perspective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experiments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John B. Watson (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A population is the entire group being studied, while a sample is a smaller group selected to represent the population. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biological Perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anonymity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How our thoughts and beliefs shape our behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestalt Psychology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoiding overgeneralization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviorism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Case Study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviorism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sigmund Freud (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To predict how people will behave in different situations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aims to identify the structure of the mind through sensations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>William James (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The whole perception is greater than its parts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain and nervous system's effects on behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assisting individuals with psychological disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sociocultural Perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observable behavior and its relationship to stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Looking into one’s own cognitive processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applied Research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personal subjective experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biological Perspective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analyzing and evaluating evidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reinforcement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relationship between people and their environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helping students with learning interference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organizing perceptions into wholes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Health Psychologists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

To describe, explain, predict, and control behavior and mental processes.

A theory is a set of principles that explains behaviors.

Socrates used introspection for self-examination of thoughts and emotions.

Structuralism, founded by Wundt, breaks consciousness into sensations, feelings, and images.

Functionalism, founded by James, examines how behavior helps adapt to the environment.

Behaviorism, developed by Watson and Skinner, focuses on observable behavior influenced by reinforcement.

The biological perspective examines the link between the brain, nervous system, and behavior.

An organized approach to using experience and testing ideas to enhance knowledge.

A specific testable statement about behavior or mental processes in psychology.

An association or relationship between two variables, such as height and weight.

A sample where every member of a population has an equal chance of selection.

A sample that represents identified subgroups proportionately.

A bias where participants who choose to join a study differ from those who don’t.

Groups in experiments that receive the treatment being tested.

Groups in experiments that do not receive the treatment, used for comparison.

A participant's agreement to take part in research after being informed of the study's purpose and methods.

Analyzing information thoughtfully by questioning, demanding evidence, and evaluating assumptions.

Emphasizes free will, self-fulfillment, and personal growth.

Explores unconscious motivations and early life experiences.

Studies how behavior is learned and reinforced.

Investigates how culture, ethnicity, and society shape behavior.

Observing behavior in real-life settings without interference.

An in-depth study of an individual or small group.

Collects data from a large group using questionnaires or interviews.

Controlled studies manipulating variables to test cause-effect relationships.

The factor manipulated in an experiment to test effects.

The measured outcome in an experiment affected by the IV.

Protocols to protect participants in research involving humans.

Involves asking questions, evaluating evidence, and recognizing biases.

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

The principle that personal information must remain private.

Explaining the study’s purpose to participants after completion.

Ensuring participants do not experience unnecessary stress or discomfort.

Professionals who help people with psychological disorders adjust to life.

Focuses on how we perceive and mentally represent the world.

A stimulus that follows a response and increases its frequency.

Focuses on how we organize perceptions into meaningful wholes.

Suggests individuals can modify environments and learn by observation.

Study changes throughout the lifespan, including physical and cognitive.

Looking into one’s own cognitive processes to examine thoughts and emotions.