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What is psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
The term psychology originates from the Greek words 'psyche' meaning spirit or soul and 'logos' meaning __________.
study
Psychology was historically considered a branch of philosophy.
True
What are the primary goals of psychology?
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What does the biological approach to personality focus on?
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Cognitive psychology is the study of higher mental processes such as __________.
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What does developmental psychology study?
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What does social psychology focus on?
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What is the main concern of school psychology?
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Forensic psychology primarily deals with marketing and sales strategies.
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What do clinical psychologists primarily handle?
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What aims does counseling psychology generally pursue?
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Study Notes
Origin of Psychology
- Psychology is defined as the systematic and scientific study of behavior and mental processes, including both observable and internal activities.
- The term 'psychology' derives from Greek words: "psyche" meaning spirit or soul and "logos" meaning study, translating to "the science of the soul."
- Historically, psychology focused on the philosophical concept of the soul but has evolved to be empirical, concentrating on mental processes independent of spiritual interpretations.
- Previously considered a branch of philosophy, psychology gained independence as a science due to advancements in experimental methods.
Definition and Goals of Psychology
- Psychology is recognized as the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
- Primary goals include:
- Describe behavior: Understanding the nature and characteristics of behavior.
- Understand and explain behavior: Analyzing the reasons behind behaviors.
- Predict behavior: Forecasting when and under what conditions specific behaviors occur.
- Control behavior: Identifying factors influencing behavior.
Significant Contributors to Psychology’s Development
- Various influential figures contributed to the evolution of psychological thought, paving the way for diverse schools of thought.
Approaches/Perspectives in Modern Psychology
- Different perspectives have emerged that shape the understanding of human behavior including:
Biological Approach
- Proposes that personality is influenced by biological factors such as genetics and biochemistry, with certain traits linked to these influences.
Cognitive Psychology
- Focuses on higher mental processes including attention, memory, language, perception, problem-solving, and critical thinking.
Physiological Psychology
- Examines the interplay between the nervous system and overall behavior, exploring neurophysiological bases for various behavioral traits.
Developmental Psychology
- Studies human growth and change across the lifespan, including development during infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and aging.
Social Psychology
- Investigates how personality and social interactions affect behavior, emphasizing interpersonal and group relationships.
School Psychology
- Addresses the psychological needs of children and youth within educational settings, focusing on creating positive learning environments and promoting access to services.
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
- Centers on the scientific study of human behavior in workplace settings, aiming to improve productivity and employee well-being.
Forensic Psychology
- Involves the application of psychological knowledge within legal contexts, providing expertise for judicial processes.
Clinical Psychology
- Concerned with diagnosing and treating psychological disturbances, offering comprehensive mental health care and psychological services.
Counseling Psychology
- Utilizes culturally-informed practices to assist individuals in improving well-being, resolving crises, and adjusting to life challenges.
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Description
Explore the origins of psychology, delving into its roots in Greek terminology. This quiz covers foundational concepts, including the meanings of 'psyche' and 'logos', and how these terms shaped modern psychology. Test your knowledge on the systematic study of behavior and mental processes.
