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Questions and Answers
What is a prototype in the context of cognitive psychology?
What is a prototype in the context of cognitive psychology?
What does confirmation bias entail in the decision-making process?
What does confirmation bias entail in the decision-making process?
Which strategy guarantees solving a specific problem?
Which strategy guarantees solving a specific problem?
The availability heuristic influences our judgments based on:
The availability heuristic influences our judgments based on:
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Which factor is not considered a component of creativity?
Which factor is not considered a component of creativity?
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What is belief perseverance?
What is belief perseverance?
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Intuition in decision making can be described as:
Intuition in decision making can be described as:
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In the framing effect, how can the presentation of information influence perceptions?
In the framing effect, how can the presentation of information influence perceptions?
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Which cognitive strategy is characterized by a 'sudden realization' of a solution?
Which cognitive strategy is characterized by a 'sudden realization' of a solution?
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Overconfidence refers to which of the following?
Overconfidence refers to which of the following?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology - Lesson 7: Thinking & Language
- Cognition is the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating information.
- Thinking involves using information, knowledge, and experiences to make decisions, solve problems, and generate new ideas.
- Concepts are mental groupings of similar objects, events, ideas, or people.
- Prototypes are mental images or best examples of a category. Rosch (1978) studied prototypes.
- Problem solving involves using cognitive strategies and navigating obstacles.
- Algorithms are methodical, logical rules or procedures that guarantee solving a problem.
- Heuristics are simple thinking strategies that allow for efficient judgments and problem solving.
- Insight is the sudden realization of a problem's solution; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions.
- Confirmation bias is the tendency to seek and interpret information that confirms pre-existing beliefs, while overlooking contradictory evidence.
- Intuition is an effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning.
- Availability heuristic involves estimating the likelihood of events based on how easily instances come to mind, often influenced by vividness.
- Overconfidence is the tendency to be more confident than correct; people often overestimate the accuracy of their beliefs and judgments.
- Belief perseverance is clinging to initial conceptions even after the basis for those conceptions has been discredited.
- Framing refers to how an issue is presented; different presentations of the same information can significantly affect decisions and judgments.
- An example of framing effect is that patients and doctors perceive a greater risk when they hear that 10% of people die in surgery than when they hear 90% survive, even though the information is the same.
- Creativity is the ability to produce new and valuable ideas. Sternberg (1988, 2003) and Sternberg & Lubart (1991, 1992) identified five components of creativity: expertise, imaginative thinking skills, a venturesome personality, intrinsic motivation, and a creative environment
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Description
Explore the fascinating concepts of cognition, thinking, and language in this quiz based on Lesson 7 of Introduction to Psychology. Delve into problem-solving strategies, prototypes, and biases that influence our decisions and communication. Test your understanding of these key psychological concepts and their applications.
