Problem Solving Strategies and Thinking

<p>The involvement of controlled processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The accuracy of evaluating possibilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires changing two values in the equation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to better performance than controls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are most helpful when the solver is fixated on the problem. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A period where the problem is set aside for a while. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They involve less obvious changes in the representation of the equation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It improves the likelihood of solving the problem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creative problems with multiple solutions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tendency to rely on past problem-solving strategies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It restricts the perception of an object's possible uses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can limit attention to information important for broad-focused tasks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterior temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and PFC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing the mental representation of the problem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory recall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participants unconsciously accumulate relevant knowledge while decreasing fixations on the distractor. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inability to continue or find a solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The initial stage of problem-solving involves forming a mental representation of the problem using prior knowledge and perceptual processes.

The experience of getting stuck and not knowing how to proceed while solving a problem.

This involves removing limitations on what is considered acceptable in the problem-solving process.

This involves reinterpreting some aspect of the problem representation.

This involves adding new information to the problem representation.

The tendency to use a familiar problem-solving strategy that has proven successful in the past, even when it's no longer appropriate.

Refers to the inability to see new uses for an object beyond its common or intended purpose.

A technique that helps reduce functional fixedness by encouraging individuals to focus on the basic characteristics of an object rather than its specific function. It involves generating function-free descriptions of the object's parts to broaden its potential uses.

The ability to control and focus attention on goal-relevant information, while inhibiting irrelevant distractions. Good cognitive control enhances performance on tasks requiring focus, but may hinder tasks requiring broad thinking.

An unconscious process where a break from a problem allows for new solutions to come to mind.

Matchstick puzzles where a single stick is moved to correct a false equation. The change involves altering a single numeral.

Matchstick puzzles where rearranging a single stick leads to a correct equation, but the change doesn't simply involve modifying a numeral.

The tendency to assume a solution to matchstick puzzles will involve adjusting numerals. This can hinder finding the correct solution.

A period of time when problem-solving is paused, allowing an individual to shift focus to another task. This can lead to a breakthrough in finding a solution.

An experimental setup where participants are tasked with tying two strings together, which are placed too far apart to reach simultaneously. The solution involves using an object as a pendulum to bring the strings closer.

Moving from an initial state (problem) to a desired goal state (solution) through a series of steps. It involves controlled processes and may rely on both conscious and non-conscious thinking.

A mental process that involves selecting one option from a set of presented choices, with each choice having personal consequences.

Assessing the likelihood of different future events based on available information. It's a crucial element in decision-making.

A form of reasoning that involves drawing conclusions based on assumed true statements. It follows logical rules and focuses on accuracy.

A type of reasoning that involves evaluating the strength of arguments using personal knowledge and experience. It's often used in everyday situations.