Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which psychologist is most associated with behaviorism?
Which psychologist is most associated with behaviorism?
- Sigmund Freud
- Jean Piaget
- Carl Rogers
- John Watson (correct)
What is a primary focus of psychodynamic psychology?
What is a primary focus of psychodynamic psychology?
- Unconscious motivations (correct)
- Behavioral reinforcement
- Cognitive processes
- Observational learning
Which of these psychologists is known for client-centered therapy?
Which of these psychologists is known for client-centered therapy?
- Sigmund Freud
- John Watson
- Jean Piaget
- Carl Rogers (correct)
Which area of psychology emphasizes cognitive development in children?
Which area of psychology emphasizes cognitive development in children?
What type of psychology primarily deals with mental disorders and their treatment?
What type of psychology primarily deals with mental disorders and their treatment?
What is the primary assertion of the biopsychosocial model?
What is the primary assertion of the biopsychosocial model?
Which key individual is associated with the evolution of behavior patterns to address adaptive problems?
Which key individual is associated with the evolution of behavior patterns to address adaptive problems?
In Engel's view, what is a significant limitation of the biomedical model?
In Engel's view, what is a significant limitation of the biomedical model?
What does the fight or flight response illustrate in evolutionary terms?
What does the fight or flight response illustrate in evolutionary terms?
What does Engel suggest is necessary for effective medical treatment?
What does Engel suggest is necessary for effective medical treatment?
What does the psychoanalytic theory primarily focus on?
What does the psychoanalytic theory primarily focus on?
Which key figure is associated with the humanistic approach to psychology?
Which key figure is associated with the humanistic approach to psychology?
According to the behaviourist approach, how is behaviour primarily learned?
According to the behaviourist approach, how is behaviour primarily learned?
What aspect of therapy does Rogers suggest is crucial for success?
What aspect of therapy does Rogers suggest is crucial for success?
What does cognitive psychology emphasize about learning?
What does cognitive psychology emphasize about learning?
What is a primary assumption of humanistic psychology regarding psychopathology?
What is a primary assumption of humanistic psychology regarding psychopathology?
Which of the following best describes the focus of Piaget's work in cognitive psychology?
Which of the following best describes the focus of Piaget's work in cognitive psychology?
What kind of research methods were primarily used in behaviourism?
What kind of research methods were primarily used in behaviourism?
What was the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
What was the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
Which psychological paradigm is primarily associated with Charles Darwin's theories?
Which psychological paradigm is primarily associated with Charles Darwin's theories?
Who established the first formal laboratory for research in psychology?
Who established the first formal laboratory for research in psychology?
Which of the following concepts relates to the debate of whether human behavior is determined by biology or environment?
Which of the following concepts relates to the debate of whether human behavior is determined by biology or environment?
Freud is best known for his contributions to which area of psychology?
Freud is best known for his contributions to which area of psychology?
Which cognitive process involves the ability to acquire and use knowledge?
Which cognitive process involves the ability to acquire and use knowledge?
What is a major objective in the study of lifespan psychology?
What is a major objective in the study of lifespan psychology?
Which aspect of psychology is concerned with the relationship between sensation and perception?
Which aspect of psychology is concerned with the relationship between sensation and perception?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology
- Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
- The course covers history, philosophy, and subdivisions of psychology.
Course Objectives
- Understand the key concepts of history and philosophy in psychology.
- Learn the scientific report writing format.
- Explore cognitive processes and their anatomical and physiological basis.
- Discuss sensation, perception, and consciousness in health care contexts.
Cognitive Processes
- Investigate higher cognitive functions: learning, memory, language, thinking, and intelligence related to health care roles.
- Examine lifespan psychology and developmental theories.
- Apply psychological theories to understand behavior.
Historical Context
- Wilhelm Wundt established the first formal psychology laboratory in 1879 at University of Leipzig.
- Development of the first journal for psychological research followed shortly after.
Major Psychological Paradigms
Structuralism
- Aims to identify basic elements of consciousness through introspection.
- Focuses on sensations, feelings, and images.
Functionalism
- Explains psychological processes based on their role or function influenced by Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Psychoanalysis
- Founded by Sigmund Freud, this paradigm seeks to understand personality and mental disorders through the unconscious mind.
- Emphasizes the resolution of unconscious conflicts as essential to treating psychopathology.
Behaviorism
- Key figures: John Watson and B.F. Skinner.
- Examines how the environment shapes behavior through learning.
- Utilizes experiments (e.g., Pavlov's dogs) to study behavioral responses.
Humanistic Psychology
- Influenced by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
- Focuses on unique human qualities, potential for growth, and therapeutic insight.
- Therapy effectiveness is linked to the therapist’s attitude and approach.
Cognitive Psychology
- Led by Jean Piaget.
- Investigates information processing, perception, and cognitive distortions related to learning and psychopathology.
Evolutionary Psychology
- Key figure: Charles Darwin.
- Examines behavior patterns evolved to solve adaptive problems for survival.
Biopsychosocial Model
- Proposed by George Engel, integrates biological, psychological, and social perspectives in understanding health.
- Contrasts with the traditional biomedical model that isolates biological factors.
- Stresses that health interventions must consider patients’ social contexts.
Practical Application
- Apply psychological theories to inform health care practices.
- Engage in discussions and collaborations related to different psychological definitions and concepts.
Areas of Specialization
- Explore specific fields within psychology and the work of psychologists in those areas, allowing for a tailored investigation into interests.
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