Questions and Answers
Which psychologist is most associated with behaviorism?
What is a primary focus of psychodynamic psychology?
Which of these psychologists is known for client-centered therapy?
Which area of psychology emphasizes cognitive development in children?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of psychology primarily deals with mental disorders and their treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary assertion of the biopsychosocial model?
Signup and view all the answers
Which key individual is associated with the evolution of behavior patterns to address adaptive problems?
Signup and view all the answers
In Engel's view, what is a significant limitation of the biomedical model?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the fight or flight response illustrate in evolutionary terms?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Engel suggest is necessary for effective medical treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the psychoanalytic theory primarily focus on?
Signup and view all the answers
Which key figure is associated with the humanistic approach to psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
According to the behaviourist approach, how is behaviour primarily learned?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of therapy does Rogers suggest is crucial for success?
Signup and view all the answers
What does cognitive psychology emphasize about learning?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a primary assumption of humanistic psychology regarding psychopathology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the focus of Piaget's work in cognitive psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
What kind of research methods were primarily used in behaviourism?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which psychological paradigm is primarily associated with Charles Darwin's theories?
Signup and view all the answers
Who established the first formal laboratory for research in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following concepts relates to the debate of whether human behavior is determined by biology or environment?
Signup and view all the answers
Freud is best known for his contributions to which area of psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which cognitive process involves the ability to acquire and use knowledge?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a major objective in the study of lifespan psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect of psychology is concerned with the relationship between sensation and perception?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology
- Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
- The course covers history, philosophy, and subdivisions of psychology.
Course Objectives
- Understand the key concepts of history and philosophy in psychology.
- Learn the scientific report writing format.
- Explore cognitive processes and their anatomical and physiological basis.
- Discuss sensation, perception, and consciousness in health care contexts.
Cognitive Processes
- Investigate higher cognitive functions: learning, memory, language, thinking, and intelligence related to health care roles.
- Examine lifespan psychology and developmental theories.
- Apply psychological theories to understand behavior.
Historical Context
- Wilhelm Wundt established the first formal psychology laboratory in 1879 at University of Leipzig.
- Development of the first journal for psychological research followed shortly after.
Major Psychological Paradigms
Structuralism
- Aims to identify basic elements of consciousness through introspection.
- Focuses on sensations, feelings, and images.
Functionalism
- Explains psychological processes based on their role or function influenced by Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Psychoanalysis
- Founded by Sigmund Freud, this paradigm seeks to understand personality and mental disorders through the unconscious mind.
- Emphasizes the resolution of unconscious conflicts as essential to treating psychopathology.
Behaviorism
- Key figures: John Watson and B.F. Skinner.
- Examines how the environment shapes behavior through learning.
- Utilizes experiments (e.g., Pavlov's dogs) to study behavioral responses.
Humanistic Psychology
- Influenced by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
- Focuses on unique human qualities, potential for growth, and therapeutic insight.
- Therapy effectiveness is linked to the therapist’s attitude and approach.
Cognitive Psychology
- Led by Jean Piaget.
- Investigates information processing, perception, and cognitive distortions related to learning and psychopathology.
Evolutionary Psychology
- Key figure: Charles Darwin.
- Examines behavior patterns evolved to solve adaptive problems for survival.
Biopsychosocial Model
- Proposed by George Engel, integrates biological, psychological, and social perspectives in understanding health.
- Contrasts with the traditional biomedical model that isolates biological factors.
- Stresses that health interventions must consider patients’ social contexts.
Practical Application
- Apply psychological theories to inform health care practices.
- Engage in discussions and collaborations related to different psychological definitions and concepts.
Areas of Specialization
- Explore specific fields within psychology and the work of psychologists in those areas, allowing for a tailored investigation into interests.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of psychology, including its definition, history, philosophy, and various psychological paradigms that have emerged. Students will explore the evolution of psychological thought and the key sub-divisions within the field. Prepare to deepen your understanding of psychology and its origins.
