Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who popularized behaviorism in the XX century?
Who popularized behaviorism in the XX century?
- Wilhelm Wundt
- Edward Titchener
- John B. Watson (correct)
- B.F. Skinner
Watson believed that internal physiological events could be studied as part of behavior.
Watson believed that internal physiological events could be studied as part of behavior.
False (B)
What did Watson define psychology as?
What did Watson define psychology as?
the science of behavior
Watson's behaviorism was a response to ________ and its mentalist approaches.
Watson's behaviorism was a response to ________ and its mentalist approaches.
Which statement best represents Watson's view on behaviors?
Which statement best represents Watson's view on behaviors?
Match the following psychologists with their contributions:
Match the following psychologists with their contributions:
Watson proposed that a response is linked to all stimulus elements present at the time.
Watson proposed that a response is linked to all stimulus elements present at the time.
In what later stage did psychology become focused on the study of mental phenomena?
In what later stage did psychology become focused on the study of mental phenomena?
What does the word "psyche" in the Greek language refer to?
What does the word "psyche" in the Greek language refer to?
The definition of psychology as a science of the soul was given over two thousand years ago.
The definition of psychology as a science of the soul was given over two thousand years ago.
What is the object of psychology?
What is the object of psychology?
The word 'psychology' has its origin in two Greek words _______ and _______.
The word 'psychology' has its origin in two Greek words _______ and _______.
Match the following philosophers with their associated concepts:
Match the following philosophers with their associated concepts:
What is the subject of psychology?
What is the subject of psychology?
The first advances in psychology date back about 2,000 years.
The first advances in psychology date back about 2,000 years.
According to the content, our inner world is like a big _______ where various events occur.
According to the content, our inner world is like a big _______ where various events occur.
What is the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
What is the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
Functionalism and structuralism share the same approach to understanding mental processes.
Functionalism and structuralism share the same approach to understanding mental processes.
Who is credited with being the pioneer of functionalism?
Who is credited with being the pioneer of functionalism?
According to functionalism, thinking is primarily triggered by a ______ situation.
According to functionalism, thinking is primarily triggered by a ______ situation.
Match the following psychological schools of thought with their main focus:
Match the following psychological schools of thought with their main focus:
Which of the following statements accurately reflects William James's view on consciousness?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects William James's view on consciousness?
Titchener believed that studying the mind requires breaking down the brain into its components.
Titchener believed that studying the mind requires breaking down the brain into its components.
What is the main objective of psychology, according to Titchener?
What is the main objective of psychology, according to Titchener?
Functionalism views the brain as a ______ device that processes information and produces behavior.
Functionalism views the brain as a ______ device that processes information and produces behavior.
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of functionalism?
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of functionalism?
What does Platonic Idealism emphasize as the highest form of reality?
What does Platonic Idealism emphasize as the highest form of reality?
According to materialism, the mind is a spiritual entity that exists independently of the body.
According to materialism, the mind is a spiritual entity that exists independently of the body.
Who is considered the father of Structuralism in psychology?
Who is considered the father of Structuralism in psychology?
The study of psychology as a separate discipline began in the mid-______ century.
The study of psychology as a separate discipline began in the mid-______ century.
Match the philosopher with their associated concepts:
Match the philosopher with their associated concepts:
Which of the following concepts was introduced by Descartes in the 17th century?
Which of the following concepts was introduced by Descartes in the 17th century?
Introspection was considered an important method in the study of psychology in the late 19th century.
Introspection was considered an important method in the study of psychology in the late 19th century.
What scientific method did Wilhelm Wundt utilize to investigate human thoughts and behavior?
What scientific method did Wilhelm Wundt utilize to investigate human thoughts and behavior?
According to atomism, the world consists of nothing but ______ in empty space.
According to atomism, the world consists of nothing but ______ in empty space.
What was the main focus of psychology after it became a distinct discipline in the mid-1800s?
What was the main focus of psychology after it became a distinct discipline in the mid-1800s?
What was the primary focus of psychology in the XX century according to Watson?
What was the primary focus of psychology in the XX century according to Watson?
Watson's behaviorism was against the mentalist approach of Structuralism.
Watson's behaviorism was against the mentalist approach of Structuralism.
What did Watson propose was linked with each of the stimulus elements present at the time a response occurs?
What did Watson propose was linked with each of the stimulus elements present at the time a response occurs?
In the IV stage of psychology, the focus is on studying ______________________ phenomena.
In the IV stage of psychology, the focus is on studying ______________________ phenomena.
Match the following psychologists with their contributions:
Match the following psychologists with their contributions:
What is the name of the psychologist who defined psychology as the science of behavior?
What is the name of the psychologist who defined psychology as the science of behavior?
The word 'psyche' in the Greek language refers to the mind or soul.
The word 'psyche' in the Greek language refers to the mind or soul.
What was the main objective of Watson's behaviorism?
What was the main objective of Watson's behaviorism?
Watson believed that psychology should be an objective study of ______________________ processes and behaviors.
Watson believed that psychology should be an objective study of ______________________ processes and behaviors.
Study Notes
The Object of Psychology
- The object of psychology is a person's psyche, focusing on the basic laws of psychic reality generation and functioning.
- The subject of psychology is mental phenomena in human life, understood as internal, subjective human experiences.
Ancient Origins of Psychology
- Many advances in psychology date back to ancient Greece and Persia philosophers.
- The word "psychology" originates from two Greek words: "psyche" (spirit or soul) and "logos" (discourse or study).
- The concept of psychology was initially a science of the soul, aiming to explain incomprehensible phenomena in a person's life by the presence of a soul.
Idealism vs. Materialism
- Idealism posits that reality is fundamentally shaped by the mind and interpretation of experiences.
- Plato's philosophical approach, often referred to as Platonic Idealism, emphasizes the role of ideas, thoughts, and consciousness in constructing reality.
- Materialism suggests that everything that exists is material, and minds are not spiritual in any sense.
- Ancient materialist philosophers, such as Heraclitus and Democritus, believed that the soul consists of smooth, round atoms and that perceptions consist of motions caused by the atoms in the perceived thing.
Development of Psychology
- The first stage of psychology ( ancient Greece to the 17th century) focused on the science of the soul.
- The second stage (17th century) focused on the study of psychology as the science of consciousness, with the ability to think, feel, and desire being called consciousness.
- The third stage ( late 19th and early 20th centuries) focused on psychology as the science of behavior, setting up experiments to observe behavior, actions, and reactions of a person.
Schools of Thought in Psychology
- Structuralism:
- Attributed to Edward B. Titchener
- Focuses on breaking down mental processes into minute parts to study consciousness
- Believed that the main objective of psychology is to study and understand the human mind and structure
- Functionalism:
- Led by William James
- Focuses on the effective functions of the brain and its organization
- Believed that thinking only takes place when an organism is thwarted by some external force or obstacle
- Behaviorism:
- Popularized by John B. Watson
- Focuses on the objective study of behavior, without recourse to internal physiological events or hypothetical constructs
- Believed that psychology needs to be objective in its approach to the study of mental processes and behaviors
Modern Psychology
- The fourth stage of psychology (present day) focuses on the study of objective laws, manifestations, and mechanisms of the psyche, emphasizing the study of mental phenomena.
The Object of Psychology
- The object of psychology is a person's psyche, focusing on the basic laws of psychic reality generation and functioning.
- The subject of psychology is mental phenomena in human life, understood as internal, subjective human experiences.
Ancient Origins of Psychology
- Many advances in psychology date back to ancient Greece and Persia philosophers.
- The word "psychology" originates from two Greek words: "psyche" (spirit or soul) and "logos" (discourse or study).
- The concept of psychology was initially a science of the soul, aiming to explain incomprehensible phenomena in a person's life by the presence of a soul.
Idealism vs. Materialism
- Idealism posits that reality is fundamentally shaped by the mind and interpretation of experiences.
- Plato's philosophical approach, often referred to as Platonic Idealism, emphasizes the role of ideas, thoughts, and consciousness in constructing reality.
- Materialism suggests that everything that exists is material, and minds are not spiritual in any sense.
- Ancient materialist philosophers, such as Heraclitus and Democritus, believed that the soul consists of smooth, round atoms and that perceptions consist of motions caused by the atoms in the perceived thing.
Development of Psychology
- The first stage of psychology ( ancient Greece to the 17th century) focused on the science of the soul.
- The second stage (17th century) focused on the study of psychology as the science of consciousness, with the ability to think, feel, and desire being called consciousness.
- The third stage ( late 19th and early 20th centuries) focused on psychology as the science of behavior, setting up experiments to observe behavior, actions, and reactions of a person.
Schools of Thought in Psychology
- Structuralism:
- Attributed to Edward B. Titchener
- Focuses on breaking down mental processes into minute parts to study consciousness
- Believed that the main objective of psychology is to study and understand the human mind and structure
- Functionalism:
- Led by William James
- Focuses on the effective functions of the brain and its organization
- Believed that thinking only takes place when an organism is thwarted by some external force or obstacle
- Behaviorism:
- Popularized by John B. Watson
- Focuses on the objective study of behavior, without recourse to internal physiological events or hypothetical constructs
- Believed that psychology needs to be objective in its approach to the study of mental processes and behaviors
Modern Psychology
- The fourth stage of psychology (present day) focuses on the study of objective laws, manifestations, and mechanisms of the psyche, emphasizing the study of mental phenomena.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of psychology, including its object and subject, and discover its ancient origins in Greece and Persia. Learn about the definition and scope of psychology.
