History of Psychology: Ancient Roots
80 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What was Hippocrates' contribution to the understanding of mental health?

  • He developed the concept of phrenology
  • He proposed that thoughts, ideas, and feelings come from the brain, not the heart (correct)
  • He studied the neural signaling pathways
  • He discovered the function of the myelin sheath

    • What is an example of how behaviors evolved as adaptations to solve problems of survival and reproduction?

  • The development of language
  • Fear stimuli increasing chances of survival and reproduction in a bad environment (correct)
  • The development of the myelin sheath
  • The development of the synaptic transmission

    • What was the significance of Phineas Gage's accident?

  • It led to the development of phrenology
  • It led to the discovery of the neural signaling pathways
  • It showed the importance of the myelin sheath
  • It provided insight into the functions of the frontal lobe (correct)

    • What was phrenology, and was it scientifically accurate?

    <p>A theory involving mapping the skull to determine personality, traits, intelligence, and other characteristics; it was scientifically inaccurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did ancient Egyptian doctors link to behavioral changes?

    <p>Traumatic brain injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for when participants experience changes in their behavior or health due to their own expectations from receiving a treatment?

    <p>Placebo Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of replication in research?

    <p>To verify the results are not due to chance or specific conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the research strategy using a variety of research techniques to investigate an experiment and research result?

    <p>Converging Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Descartes, what is the relationship between the mind and body?

    <p>The mind and body are separate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the brain is responsible for fine motor skills?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the decrease in sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time?

    <p>Sensory adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which light is converted into neural signals?

    <p>Phototransduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ganglion cells in the retina?

    <p>To gather information from photoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theory that explains how we see color?

    <p>Trichromatic color theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the center of the retina responsible for?

    <p>Fine detail and color vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsal stream in the visual pathway?

    <p>Processing the object's spatial location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between trichromatic theory and opponent process theory?

    <p>Trichromatic theory deals with three colors, whereas opponent process theory deals with opposing pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the failure to recognize familiar objects?

    <p>Visual Agnosia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the differing retinal images each eye picks up?

    <p>Retinal Disparity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of visual processing in cats?

    <p>Hubel and Wiesel's Study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the idea that speech perception is multimodal?

    <p>McGurk Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parietal lobe in the visual pathway?

    <p>Processing the object's spatial location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the failure to recognize familiar faces?

    <p>Prosopagnosia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the signals sent from the retina to the brain via the optic nerve?

    <p>Transduced Signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the part of the visual pathway that identifies and recognizes objects?

    <p>Ventral Stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with founding the first psychology laboratory in Germany?

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of Wilhelm Wundt's reaction time studies?

    <p>How people perceive and process stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which school of thought in psychology focuses on the purpose and function of mental processes and behaviors?

    <p>Functionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is associated with the approach that focuses on the internal processes, but in a scientific and measurable way?

    <p>Cognitive Psychologists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of Structuralism in psychology?

    <p>It is difficult to measure internal perception objectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of psychophysics?

    <p>The measurement of the strength of a stimulus and the observer's sensitivity to that stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the smallest difference in stimulation required to distinguish between two stimuli?

    <p>Just Noticeable Difference (JND)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of perceptual processing that involves using preexisting knowledge or past experiences?

    <p>Top-down processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a response to a stimulus that depends on a person's sensitivity and on a person's decision criteria?

    <p>Signal detection theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to produce a response by a sense 50% of the time?

    <p>Absolute threshold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the term WEIRD in the context of psychological research?

    <p>It highlights the potential for biases and generalizations in psychological research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the scientific method in psychology?

    <p>To minimize biases and ensure objectivity in research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hindsight bias in the context of research methods?

    <p>The tendency to believe that an event was predictable or obvious after it has occurred.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cross-cultural psychology?

    <p>Drawing comparisons about individuals and group behaviors across cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a hypothesis in the scientific method?

    <p>To make a prediction about the outcome of a study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychologist is credited with founding the first psychology laboratory in Germany and studying reaction time?

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which school of thought in psychology focuses on the purpose and function of mental processes and behaviors?

    <p>Functionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a limitation of Structuralism in psychology?

    <p>It focused on internal perception, which is difficult to measure objectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach in psychology focuses on internal processes but in a scientific and measurable way?

    <p>Cognitive Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Phineas Gage's accident in the study of psychology?

    <p>It linked the frontal lobes with decision making and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the smallest difference in stimulation required to distinguish between two stimuli?

    <p>Just Noticeable Difference (JND)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to produce a response by a sense 50% of the time?

    <p>Absolute threshold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a response to a stimulus that depends on a person's sensitivity and on a person's decision criteria?

    <p>Signal Detection Theory (SDT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of perceptual processing that involves using preexisting knowledge or past experiences?

    <p>Top-Down Processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited as the father of psychophysics?

    <p>Gustav Fechner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the opponent process theory in color perception?

    <p>To register one color at a time as opposing pairs cancel each other out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the visual pathway is responsible for processing the spatial location of objects?

    <p>Parietal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the failure to recognize familiar objects?

    <p>Visual Agnosia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ventral stream in the visual pathway?

    <p>To identify and recognize objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the differing retinal images each eye picks up?

    <p>Retinal disparity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the trichromatic theory in color perception?

    <p>To detect the three primary colors of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the idea that speech perception is multimodal?

    <p>McGurk effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the primary visual cortex in the visual pathway?

    <p>To receive signals from the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of hearing loss that occurs when the receptors of the cochlea are damaged?

    <p>Sensory neural loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the failure to recognize familiar faces?

    <p>Prosopagnosia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary limitation of psychological research highlighted by the term WEIRD?

    <p>It is biased towards educated and industrialized populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Medulla in the brain structure?

    <p>Regulation of heart rate, circulation, and respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the scientific method in psychology?

    <p>To minimize biases and ensure reliable outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency to believe that an event was predictable or obvious after it has occurred?

    <p>Hindsight bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following research strategies is best suited to investigate an experiment and research result?

    <p>Converging Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for when participants experience changes in their behavior or health due to their own expectations from receiving a treatment?

    <p>Placebo Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cross-cultural psychology?

    <p>Comparing group behaviors across cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the scientific method that involves testing a hypothesis through experiments and observations?

    <p>Research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating heart rate, circulation, and respiration?

    <p>Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the philosophy that states the mind and body are separate entities?

    <p>Cartesianism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ancient Greek physician is credited with proposing that thoughts, ideas, and feelings come from the brain, not the heart?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scientific concept explains how human behaviors evolved as adaptations to solve problems of survival and reproduction?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique, developed from medicine, contributed to the idea that specific parts of the brain have specific functions?

    <p>Phrenology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the case study of Phineas Gage provide insight into?

    <p>The function of different brain parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept from medicine helped localize and understand the functions of each part of the brain?

    <p>Techniques and concepts from medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating sleep, wakefulness, and arousal?

    <p>Reticular Formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structure is involved in the regulation of motor movements, pain management, and alertness?

    <p>Tegmentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for visual processing and eye movement?

    <p>Tectum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structure is responsible for encoding memory and processing sound?

    <p>Temporal Lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structure is responsible for interpreting visual information and languages?

    <p>Parietal Lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser