90 Questions
What is a primary focus of psycholinguistics?
Examining the role of language in shaping cognitive processes
Which of the following is a direction of study in psycholinguistics?
The effects of psychological constraints on language use
What is the term for the study of language acquisition in children?
Developmental psycholinguistics
What is the idea that we are born with an innate knowledge of language structure?
Universal grammar
What is the term for the learning and development of a person's language?
Language acquisition
Who is the psycholinguist who argues that elements of linguistic knowledge are innate?
Steven Pinker
What is the primary goal of understanding language acquisition in children?
To understand the underlying mechanisms of language learning
How does language influence cognitive processes, according to psycholinguistics?
Language influences memory, perception, attention, and learning
What is the study of language acquisition in children also known as?
Child psycholinguistics
What is the relationship between language and cognitive processes, according to psycholinguistics?
Language influences cognitive processes
What is the primary function of the language acquisition device in Chomsky's theory?
To act as an encoder for language acquisition
Which of the following theories of language acquisition is associated with the idea that language acquisition is primarily driven by environmental factors?
Behavioural Theory
What is the common thread among the four main theories of language acquisition?
They all attempt to explain the process of language acquisition
What is the significance of the concept of universal grammar in Chomsky's theory?
It implies that there are core characteristics of language that are consistent across all languages
Which of the following theorists is associated with the idea that language acquisition is primarily driven by cognitive processes?
Jean Piaget
What is the main difference between the Nativist Theory and the Behavioural Theory?
The Nativist Theory proposes that language acquisition is primarily driven by innate abilities
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main theories of language acquisition?
Social Constructivist Theory
What is the main focus of the Nativist Theory of language acquisition?
The role of innate abilities in language acquisition
Which of the following theorists is associated with the Behavioural Theory of language acquisition?
BF Skinner
What is the main purpose of the language acquisition device in Chomsky's theory?
To encode linguistic knowledge into the brain
At what age can children produce utterances such as 'baby chair' and 'mommy eat'?
18-24 months
What is a characteristic of the two-word stage of language acquisition?
Receiving feedback confirming that the utterance worked
What is a feature of telegraphic speech in 2-2.5 year olds?
Developing sentence-building capacity and using simple prepositions
At what age do children's vocabulary and pronunciation abilities improve?
3 years
What is a characteristic of language acquisition at 18-24 months?
Understanding 5 times as many words as they can produce
What is a feature of language acquisition at 2-2.5 years?
Producing utterances with correct word order
At what age do children start using grammatical inflections and simple prepositions?
2-2.5 years
What is a characteristic of language acquisition at 3 years?
Vocabulary growing rapidly
What is a feature of holophrastic speech?
Producing utterances with a single word or phrase
At what stage do children's vocabulary and pronunciation abilities begin to develop rapidly?
Telegraphic speech
What is the primary characteristic of the two-word stage of language acquisition?
Formation of complex expressions
What is the term for the extension of a word's meaning to unrelated objects based on similarities of shape, sound, and size?
Overextension
What is the characteristic of language acquisition at 2-2.5 years?
Telegraphic speech
What is the term for the gradual process of narrowing down the meaning of a word?
Narrowing down
What is the characteristic of language acquisition at 3 years?
Use of grammatical inflections and simple prepositions
What is the primary mechanism by which children acquire language, according to the provided text?
By trying out constructions and testing them.
Which of the following inflectional morphemes appears first in children's language development?
-ing.
What is the characteristic of the child's language development in the example 'the owl eat candy and he run fast'?
Incorrect use of verb tense.
What is the primary characteristic of the first stage of forming questions in children's language development?
Inserting where and who to the beginning of an expression with rising intonation.
What is a characteristic of children's overgeneralization of inflectional morphemes?
Applying morphemes to irregular words, resulting in incorrect forms.
What is a characteristic of the errors made by a learner in the process of L2 development, according to the provided text?
They are a sign that the learner is (perhaps unconsciously) exploring the new system.
What is the procedure for analysing learner errors, as described in the provided text?
Collection of a sample of learner language, identification of errors, description of errors, and evaluation of errors.
What is a challenge of the EA approach, as mentioned in the provided text?
All of the above.
What do errors in L2 development provide evidence of, according to the provided text?
The system of language which a learner is using.
What is the focus of the approach described in the provided text, as opposed to CA?
Underlying rules.
What do errors in L2 development reveal, according to the provided text?
A window into the language learner's mind.
What is the benefit of analysing learner errors, as described in the provided text?
To identify the language system the learner is using.
What is the difference between the approach described in the provided text and CA?
CA focuses on surface-level forms, while the other approach focuses on underlying rules.
What is the purpose of collecting a sample of learner language, as described in the provided text?
To analyse learner errors.
What is a limitation of the EA approach, as mentioned in the provided text?
All of the above.
What is the primary focus of the Monitor Model?
The distinction between learning and acquisition
What is a key concept in the Input Hypothesis?
The concept of comprehensible input in language teaching
What is the main challenge of the Monitor Model approach?
The difficulty of providing comprehensible input to learners
What is the primary goal of the Natural Order Hypothesis?
To identify the natural order of language acquisition
What is the role of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
To identify the role of emotions in language learning
What is the main difference between the Monitor Model and the Input Hypothesis?
The Monitor Model emphasizes explicit grammar teaching, while the Input Hypothesis emphasizes comprehensible input
What is the primary focus of the Acquisition-Learning Distinction?
The distinction between language acquisition and language learning
What is the primary goal of the Natural Order Hypothesis?
To identify the natural order of language acquisition
What is the main challenge of the Input Hypothesis?
The difficulty of providing comprehensible input to learners
What is the primary role of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
To highlight the role of emotions in language learning
What is the implication of Genie's case on the critical period hypothesis?
It suggests that language acquisition is not limited to a specific age or specific brain areas.
What is the significance of Genie's left ear advantage in dichotic listening tests?
It suggests that language is processed in multiple areas of the brain.
What is a distinctive feature of Genie's language development?
She went through the same early stages as normal children.
What is the implication of Genie's case on the concept of language localization?
It raises questions about the notion of language localization.
What is the significance of Genie's language development in the context of language acquisition?
It challenges the notion of a critical period for language acquisition.
What is the relationship between Genie's language abilities and her brain damage?
Her language abilities are possible despite her brain damage.
What is the implication of Genie's case on the understanding of language processing?
It supports the idea that language processing is a complex, distributed process.
What is the significance of Genie's case in the context of psycholinguistics?
It challenges traditional notions of language acquisition and processing.
What is the implication of Genie's case on the understanding of language and the brain?
It supports the idea that language is a complex, distributed process.
What is the significance of Genie's language development in the context of language acquisition research?
It challenges traditional notions of language acquisition and suggests new avenues for research.
What is a characteristic of fluency disorder in speech?
Hesitations, repetitions, or prolongations of nouns, syllables, words or phrases
What is a common cause of voice disorders in children?
Frequent vocal abuse
What is an example of an articulation disorder?
Substituting one sound for another, such as 'wabbit' for 'rabbit'
What can be a consequence of vocal abuse in children?
Formation of nodules and polyps on the vocal cords
What is the characteristic of Broca's aphasia in terms of speech and writing?
Hesitant speech with many stops and deficient intonation
What is a characteristic of voice disorder?
Inappropriate pitch, quality, loudness, resonance, or duration
Which type of aphasia results from a lesion in Wernicke's area of the brain?
Wernicke's aphasia
What is the primary characteristic of Anomic aphasia?
Difficulty finding the correct words to express oneself
Which type of aphasia is characterized by the inability to read and write, despite normal speech and understanding?
Alexia and agraphia
What is the primary effect of Conduction aphasia on language abilities?
Impaired sequencing and selection of phonological segments
What is the primary function of child-directed speech in language acquisition?
To simplify language to make it easier for children to understand
What is the main idea behind Bruner's interactionist theory of language acquisition?
Children develop language through social interaction and scaffolding
What is the role of caregivers in language acquisition, according to the text?
To use child-directed speech to facilitate language acquisition
What is the term for the adaptation of language used by adults when speaking to young children?
Child-directed speech
What is the primary goal of caregivers when using child-directed speech?
To simplify language to make it easier for children to understand
What is the relationship between language acquisition and cognitive development, according to the text?
Language acquisition and cognitive development are interconnected processes
What is the significance of scaffolding in language acquisition, according to Bruner?
It is a process of gradual learning and development that is critical for language acquisition
What is the primary difference between child-directed speech and adult language?
Child-directed speech is slower and more deliberate, while adult language is faster and more nuanced
What is the significance of the four theories of language acquisition mentioned in the text?
They provide a framework for understanding language acquisition, but are not mutually exclusive
What is the primary characteristic of child-directed speech, according to the text?
It is slower and more deliberate, with simpler sentence structures and more obvious intonations
Explore the basics of psycholinguistics, a field that combines psychology and linguistics. Learn what psycholinguistics is, its main topics, and its interdisciplinary nature.
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